Omeprazole is used concurrently with clopidogrel to reduce gastrointestinal adverse effects. In humans, the concurrent use of these two drugs can reduce the antiplatelet efficacy of clopidogrel. Our objective was to determine the effects of omeprazole and clopidogrel on platelet function in healthy dogs. A crossover study utilized turbidimetric aggregometry (ADP and collagen) and the PFA-100 with the collagen/ADP cartridge to evaluate platelet function in eight healthy dogs during the administration of clopidogrel (1 mg/kg/24 h p.o.), omeprazole (1 mg/kg/24 h p.o.), and a combination of clopidogrel and omeprazole. Drug metabolite concentrations were also measured. Compared to pretreatment, on Days 3 and 5, with ADP as the agonist, there was a significant decrease in maximum amplitude on aggregometry for both clopidogrel and clopidogrel/omeprazole groups. The following revealed no significant differences between clopidogrel and clopidogrel/omeprazole groups when compared on Days 3 and 5: maximum amplitude on aggregometry with ADP or collagen agonists, and PFA-100 closure times. When compared to the clopidogrel group, clopidogrel metabolite concentrations in the clopidogrel/omeprazole group were significantly higher on Days 3 and 5. The concurrent administration of omeprazole and clopidogrel in healthy dogs was associated with an increase in the plasma concentration of an inactive metabolite of clopidogrel, but does not significantly alter the antiplatelet effects of clopidogrel.
The effects of kisspeptin on reproductive development have been well‐documented in the past decade. More recently, a mammalian orthologue of Gonadotrophin Inhibitory Hormone (GnIH), known as RF‐amide‐related‐peptide‐3 (RFRP3), has also been found to affect reproductive function. It has been proposed that GnIH antagonizes the effect of KISS‐1that upregulates the reproductive system during puberty. In the current study, differential expression of kisspeptin and RFRP3 were examined in the hypothalamic of female rats at various stages of postnatal development. Hypothalamic samples from rats at days 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, and 60 were examined for gene expression of GnRH, GnIH, KISS‐1 and the receptors GPR147 and GPR54. GnRH was expressed very early and its expression was maintained throughout the experiment. GnIH and KISS‐1 expression was greatest on day 30 and then declined during the transition into puberty. These data suggest that perhaps GnIH is up‐regulated once the hypothalamus has fully developed and is prepared for reproduction but is inhibiting reproductive function until other signals from the reproductive axis provide feedback that oogenesis is also complete. This research was supported by the Lander University Foundation Grant.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
customersupport@researchsolutions.com
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.