This article records for the first time the isolation of Ursolic acid from the leaves of Neolamarckia cadamba (Roxb.) Bosser (Family: Rubiaceae) using ultrasonic waves. This bioactive triterpenic acid was isolated without its isomer, oleanolic acid, in a very convenient way with good yield. The structure was identified by means of one dimensional Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) spectroscopic techniques like 1 H NMR, 13 C NMR, distortionless enhancement by polarization transfer (DEPT) and two dimensional NMR spectroscopic method for example, heteronuclear single quantum coherence (HSQC). It was also assayed for antidiabetic and antioxidant potencies. About 71.5 mg of pure ursolic acid was isolated from 2.6 grams of ethyl acetate soluble fraction using sono-maceration as an extraction technique.
Cancer has evolved as one of the most common causes of mortality, worldwide. Though numerous chemotherapeutic treatments are available, their side effects such as cytotoxicity and drug resistance form a big problem during the cancer treatment. Recent studies of anticancer activities conducted on natural products isolated from plants, namely coumarin and related compounds, prove them to be a promising drug candidate in cancer treatments. Efforts made by the scientists to design and develop novel anti-cancer agents using coumarins as lead compounds and study their effectiveness using Structural Activity Relationship is worth appreciating. This review, therefore, focuses on the recent progress in the discovery of coumarin derivatives with potential antitumor activity. It also summarizes their structureactivity relationship, and mechanism of action studies.
<i>Neolamarckia cadamba</i> is a pharmacologically significant tropical tree, exploited for various biological studies due to its rich secondary metabolites. In the present investigation, comparison of pharmacological and biological studies of five different extracts of <i>Neolamarckia cadamba</i> leaves have been carried out. This is the first report of phytochemical studies of five different extracts, coupled with FT-IR spectroscopy. Methanol extract (NCLE-D) was found to be rich in secondary metabolites. This extract also showed higher phenolic (279.023 GAE/g extract) and flavonoid (1067.48 QE/g extract) contents. Ethyl acetate extract (NCLE-C) and NCLE-D showed significant free radical scavenging activity with IC<sub>50</sub> 15.17 µg/mL and 16.12 µg/mL respectively compared to ascorbic acid (positive control) with IC<sub>50</sub> 5.22 µg/mL. NCLE-C exhibited antibacterial activity as well. These results suggest that <i>Neolamarckia cadamba</i> is capable of producing bioactive compounds especially from its leaves; hence, could be a valuable source of new drugs for treating diseases.
This article documents the first time isolation of Carissic acid from <i>Neolamarckia cadamba</i> (Roxb.) Bosser (Family: Rubiaceae) leaves. This bioactive triterpenic acid was isolated with a yield of 3.26% by ultrasonic waves. One-dimensional Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) spectroscopic techniques such as proton NMR (<sup>1</sup>H NMR), carbon-13 NMR (<sup>13</sup>C NMR), distortionless enhancement by polarisation transfer (DEPT), and two-dimensional NMR spectroscopic methods such as heteronuclear single quantum coherence (HSQC) were used to identify the structure. About 63.0 mg of pure carissic acid was isolated from 1.931 grams of acetone extract using sonomaceration as an extraction technique.
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