a b s t r a c tThe inter-mountain west is one of the most highly urbanized and rapidly growing regions in the United States. Conservation easements are one common tool used to protect rural and agricultural land from urban development. This paper examines the attitudinal and demographic characteristics of agricultural landowners to predict adoption of conservation easements. The study has two primary objectives: (1) to broaden the literature on sense of place and place attachment by including a measure of economic dependence as one dimension, and (2) to examine the relation of this dimension with attitudes towards land trusts and participation in conservation easements. Agricultural landowners (N = 2266) in Colorado and Wyoming were surveyed about their sense of place for their land, their attitudes towards land trusts, and perceived need for land conservation. Factor analysis of 12 measures of sense of place indicated that place identity, conservation ethic, and economic dependence ere distinct dimensions of sense of place among agricultural landowners. Logistic regression analyses revealed that economic dependence had a significant and negative relation with landowner's trust of and trusts and placement of a conservation easement on agricultural land, whereas a conservation ethic and spiritual attachment are positively related. Two main implications for land trusts are that time spent contacting landowners is time well spent and intake questionnaires could be used to screen and owners for both a conservation ethic and a sense of economic dependence providing information hat might improve the possibility of reaching an easement agreement.

How can existing schools significantly reduce their energy use? With energy costs rising and school budgets shrinking, energy use is a substantial cost that can be reduced through conservation efforts. Using a case study methodology, the authors compare two public high schools from the same school district, one that has achieved moderate energy savings and another that has reduced its electricity use by 50% over several years. Examining the individual and organizational components of both schools' efforts, the authors find that the greater success at one school is the result of integrated efforts at all levels within the organization, from district administrators to individual students. Success is based on structural changes, individual behavioral change, and, most important, the weaving of both into a cohesive Downloaded from Schelly et al. 317organizational culture emphasizing conservation. This study demonstrates the potential of behavioral change and organizational culture to foster environmental education, conservation, and fiscal savings for other public schools.Keywords environmentally responsible behavior, environmental education, organizational behavior, energy conservation Public awareness of climatic change has stimulated organizations to consider strategies for reducing energy consumption for both economic and environmental reasons. In the United States, the average cost of energy use for the 2005-2006 school year was US$1.15/ft 2 , 63% of which was electricity consumption (Kats, 2006). In most U.S. school districts, the cost of energy use is second only to salaries (State of Colorado Governor's Energy Office, 2007). In American schools, US$6 billion is spent on energy bills annually, which is more than what is being spent on textbooks and computers combined (Energy Star, 2010).With ever-increasing economic costs and heightened concerns about the environmental effect of energy consumption, public schools are an ideal location for targeted conservation efforts. A long-term strategy for reducing energy consumption is the design and building of "green schools," which adopt a variety of design components to reduce energy use by an average of 33% from traditional buildings (Kats, 2006). The Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design (LEED) Green Building Rating System, developed by the U.S. Green Building Council (USGBC), was recently modified in order to develop specific standards for the design and construction of green schools. Currently, there are 250 LEED-certified schools, which is 0.2% of school buildings in the United States (USGBC, 2010a).Whereas the construction of green schools is an important long-term strategy for containing energy costs and building healthy environments for learning, school districts must also find ways to reduce energy consumption in existing buildings. "With more than 133,000 schools in the United States, the greatest opportunity for school districts and our nation is to transform our existing schools" (USGBC, 2010b). The potential for reducing energy consumption in exis...

How do people form place attachments through interaction with others and with places over time? I propose that there are seven distinct processes through which people form bonds with places. This framework was developed from the analysis of 104 depth interviews conducted in California and Colorado, newspaper and magazine columns and letters, memoirs, and first person essays. This framework proposes that seven distinct processes interact at the individual, group, and cultural level to shape place attachment. Each of the seven processes has a unique nature and develops differently over time and space.Keywords: place attachment, sense of place, processes of place attachment, interactional processes INTRODUCTION Recent reviews of the place attachment literature critique current research for having "perpetuated more restricted notions of place attachment that do not account for memory, mobility, multiple simultaneous place attachments, and the ways a range of emotions and experiences contribute to place attachments" (Manzo and Devine-Wright 2014b). Lewicka concluded her review of the literature with a call for "elucidating processes through which people form their meaningful relations with places (2011:226)." This call for greater exploration of the processes through which place attachments form, develop, and are sustained is in keeping with Carl Couch's call for symbolic interactionists to make greater efforts to use empirical data to develop general sociological concepts focused on social processes (Couch 1984). He argued that any science of human behavior must be focused on the interactional processes and should apply concepts from the interaction tradition to larger social issues (Couch 1984). Couch called on symbolic interactionists to conduct empirical studies where social processes and social relationships rather than individuals are the object of study (Couch 1984 To address the deficiencies in the literature on place attachment, I propose an interactionist framework describing seven common processes through which people develop and maintain relationships to place. Each of the seven processes can be distinguished from the others by examining the nature of that process as well as the unique ways each shapes place attachments over time and across space.To understand place attachment, we must begin with a few definitions. Place, in the most succinct definition, is defined as space that has been imbued with meaning through personal, group, and cultural processes (Low and Altman 1992). "Places are, therefore, repositories and contexts within which interpersonal, community, and cultural relationships occur, and it is to those social relationships, not just place qua place, to which people are attached" (Low and Altman 1992:7). Place attachment, is a positive, affective bond people form with particular places where they feel comfortable and safe and desire to maintain their connection (Hidalgo and Hernandez 2001;Low 1992). Closely related to the idea of place attachment is the concept place identity, a component of p...

In recent years, there has been increasing attention to the importance of interagency collaboration for improving community well-being, environmental and public health, and educational outcomes. This article uses a mixed-methods approach including network analysis to examine the changes in interagency collaboration in one site funded by the Safe Schools/Healthy Students Initiative (SS/HS). Results of the evaluation demonstrated that although intraproject collaboration peaked in the middle of the grant and began to decline during the last year, interagency collaborations continued to grow during the last year of the grant. These results illustrate how network data can easily be collected and used to assess the development of interagency relationships.

We used a multiple-case study to investigate participants' experiences in interviews from six qualitative studies that differed in interview orientations, designs, methods, participants, and Downloaded from Limits of the paradigm-driven approach Roulston (2010b) makes clear that the paradigm-driven approach to qualitative interviews, while helping researchers 'be better prepared to design research projects to use