This study considers how configurations of leadership practices impact perceptions of implementation during large-scale reform: implementation in the United States of Common Core State Standards. Comments of 951 respondents to a national teacher survey were examined. Analysis revealed the hybrid nature of leadership enactment with a range of leadership participation (RoLP) across hierarchical and heterachical structures. Findings detail how these leadership practices impacted teachers’ perceptions of educational reform. The RoLP model depicts how these practices might be spread across an organization.
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