Standard-Nutzungsbedingungen:Die Dokumente auf EconStor dürfen zu eigenen wissenschaftlichen Zwecken und zum Privatgebrauch gespeichert und kopiert werden.Sie dürfen die Dokumente nicht für öffentliche oder kommerzielle Zwecke vervielfältigen, öffentlich ausstellen, öffentlich zugänglich machen, vertreiben oder anderweitig nutzen.Sofern die Verfasser die Dokumente unter Open-Content-Lizenzen (insbesondere CC-Lizenzen) zur Verfügung gestellt haben sollten, gelten abweichend von diesen Nutzungsbedingungen die in der dort genannten Lizenz gewährten Nutzungsrechte. We show how cheating in illegal gambling can be sustained in equilibrium, even when gamblers are aware of it. Not only is cheating pro…t-maximizing for operators, but it can also be utility-maximizing if it provides gamblers the opportunity to engage in other related activities that generate non-monetary rewards, such as practicing superstitions. This, in turn, suggests why legalizing gambling might not fully capture the gains from the illegal market -operators and gamblers both prefer cheating, but this would be harder to hide in a legalized environment. Terms of use: Documents inWe illustrate the model, generate results, and verify them empirically, using the example of jueteng, an illegal numbers game in the Philippines.
The process of conceptualization and creation of a film score heavily depends on the collaboration between the film director and composer. The harmony of the director’s and film composer’s ideas should provide an impetus for the synchronization of literature (the script and film narrative) and music (film score). This was mainly used as a guide in crafting the film score for the independent film Ang Panggagahasa kay Fe ( The Rapture of Fe, 2009) directed by Alvin Yapan. This article explores how the music is deployed to resonate with the mythic and folkloric sensibility of the film narrative. We chose to use the tambuleleng, a native lute instrument/chordophone from Bukidnon, Southern Philippines, that is a modern adaptation of three traditional instruments. In its invention, its crafting, and in the sounds it produces, the tambuleleng is an artful blending of tradition and modernity. The tambuleleng’s composition, its symbolism and function in native life and rituals, aside from the sound it creates, all became material in conveying the folkloric narrative, and articulating the issues presented in the film. Some concerns on Philippine film musical scoring are also tackled, mainly focusing on the constraints, as well as the liberties involved when operating within a limited budget for an independent movie production.
Digital gaming is one of the emerging phenomena in global media and culture industries. At present, Anito Entertainment is an organization considered as the first game developer in the Philippines for its role-playing game Anito: Defend a Land Enraged. The latter contains a discourse on some aspects of the Philippine historical narrative in the 16th century, including a presentation and understanding of the gamescape and the archetypal characters in Philippine literature. Since the game is interactive, the unfolding and ending of the narrative depends of the decisions made by the gamer, i.e., the character that is within the game and who handles the game’s control buttons. This study analyzes how the virtual character and the actual gamer struggle within the complexities of the period of colonialism, while addressing selected issues pertaining to marginalization in the present, post-colonial time.
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