There is ample evidence that the pharmacokinetics of drugs in infants and children may differ markedly from those in adults. The goals of phannacokinetics is to maximize efficacy, minimize toxicity and drug interactions, enhance compliance, and reduce cost of medications. Studies with drugs including anticonvulsants, antimicrobials, digoxin, methotrexate and theophylline have demonstrated that these goals are achievable. Genetic and racial background, underlying disease, concurrent drugs, and nutritional status can influence pharmacokinetics. Population pharmacokinetics can provide useful data even when limited number of samples are available from a large number of patients. Pharmacokinetic monitoring is influenced by numerous factors including dose and dosage form, method of drug administration, times of sample collection, analytical and forecasting methods, and implementation of dosage recommendations. The future of pharmacokinetics, in large part would depend on correlating its parameters to the markers of efficacy and/or toxicity of medications. The ultimate goal of pharmacokinetics should be to improve the quality of life and health outcomes in infants and children.
This research is focused on the necessity to determine the impact of reflective practice on the quality of teaching conducted by means of various network platforms since the beginning of the Covid-19 pandemic. The aim of this research was to examine teachers’ attitudes towards the applicative potentials of reflective practice considering the improvement of online teaching and learning. These attitudes were studied by means of the empirical method, i.e. the quantitative research method and the scaling technique. The sample comprised Serbian primary school teachers and was voluntary. The results of the research showed that teachers’ reflective practice influenced the quality of online teaching during the pandemic. The findings proved that the influence of reflective practice on the quality of online teaching was recognized by primary school teachers, but that it was not applied consistently and accordingly by all teachers. The obtained results confirmed that for the reflective practice to become an inherent attribute of contemporary teachers, it would be necessary that it be acquired both as part of teachers’ university education and their continuous professional training. There has been little research on reflective practice and its impact on the quality of teaching. Therefore, this study contributes to a further understanding of the reflective practice aspects that directly influence online teaching within the framework of the Serbian educational system. Keywords: contemporary teacher, Covid-19 pandemic, quality of online teaching, reflective practice
Over the years, a partnership between family and school has become a very current topic on which discussions are held, various lectures and seminars are given. That is, it is an important point of interest for many profiles of experts. A child has his/her primary roots in the family, after which s/he strengthens them in school. The interaction established in the family is of great importance for the development, behavior and success of a young person in the future and in school. The paper lays emphasis on the child development which is greatly influenced by mutual cooperation of the two basic foundations of society, namely family and school. The functioning of an individual depends on the personalities of teachers and parents, as well as on their mutual agreement, that is, the attitudes of parents and teachers towards their communication are of great importance for the success of a child. Therefore, the goal is to involve parents as much as possible in school life and work, as well as to make school more familyoriented. Since school represents a new environment for an individual and since parents are the initiators of the development of a young person, their mutual understanding and willingness to cooperate are necessary. Conversely, any disagreement, lack of interest or initiative may be an obstacle and hinder the child development in every way.
Acquiring statistical education is a prerequisite for the professional and scientific work of every pedagogue. Institutional support for the statistical education of students is a fundamental starting point in the development of research competencies necessary for a future pedagogue. The subject of this study was focused on examining the effectiveness of the application of a program for statistical data processing in teaching. The research aimed to examine whether students gained adequate knowledge in the field of Statistics in Pedagogical Research by applying the experimental factor SPSS in teaching. This means that the use of the SPSS program may significantly facilitate the acquisition of theoretical and practical knowledge pertaining to the field of statistics in pedagogical researches. The objective was to analyze whether using the SPSS software as part of university education would yield better knowledge of statistics than teaching without it. This objective was accomplished by analyzing the differences in the respondents’ scores on the knowledge test using the pre-test and the post-test groups of students. Three generations of pedagogy students at the Faculty of Philosophy, the University of Nis in Serbia, participated in the experimental research. The results showed statistically significant differences in the participants’ achievement in the initial and final tests.
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