Preserving of oral health during pregnancy is predominantly influenced by the following factors: 1) healthy diet, 2) oral hygiene, 3) patients' education, 4) regular control of oral health, 5) appropriate organization of dental services and 6) community engagement.
Background: Oral healthcare of adults with intellectual disabilities (ID) presents one of the most unattended health needs, while at the same time, having a huge impact on their quality of life. Specific Aims: The aims of the present investigation were to assess the rate of tooth loss and the influence of tooth extractions during dental procedures under general anesthesia (GA) on the prospects for efficient oral rehabilitation of adults with ID in Serbia.Methods: This study was designed as a retrospective observational study, based on available data from dental, medical and anesthesia records. The pattern of oral healthcare and rehabilitation possibilities of 257 adults with ID who were treated under GA was investigated. Distribution of restored and extracted teeth, and demand for prosthodontic rehabilitation were analyzed.Findings: The average number of dental appointments under GA in 10 years of observation period was 1.36 AE 0.79, with 3.64 AE 4.42 restored teeth and 6.64 AE 5.95% extracted teeth. Prosthodontic treatment was provided for 29 (11.28%) patients. The analysis identified that age (p = 0 .041) and number of dental visits (p = 0.002) were significant predictors for prosthodontics rehabilitation.Conclusion: Age, level of IQ, and the presence of concomitant conditions in adults with ID could be considered as a predictor for tooth loss. Regular attendance to dental treatment was identified as a manner for successful oral rehabilitation. Patient-centered individualized approach, implementation of preventive protocols, and improvement in delivering prosthodontic rehabilitation are mandatory in providing dental care for persons with ID.
The aim of the present study was to investigate the possibility of estimating crown formation times of immature deciduous teeth and age at death in Neolithic newborns. In the Neolithic-Mesolithic transition, the health of the population deteriorated. Leaving the intrauterine environment for the newborn is the first obstacle in the process of adaptation and survival in the outside world. The fetus is protected by the mother's immune system and receives the necessary nutrients through the umbilical cord, but external factors indirectly affect its development. At birth deciduous teeth are not fully formed and are only partially mineralized. Variations in the rhythmic activity of ameloblasts and the secretion of the enamel matrix lead to the formation of incremental lines in the enamel. The sample consisted of unerupted deciduous teeth removed from the baby jaws from Neolithic archaeological graves, LepenskiVir Serbia. The skeletal age of the babies was from 38 to 40 gestational weeks. The daily enamel apposition rate was obtained for each tooth. The age of individuals was estimated using crown formation time. The average value of daily secretion rates for the primary teeth from the Neolithic age was 3.78 µm.There was no statistically significant difference in age at death determined by skeletal age assessment and crown formation time. Three babies were born preterm. The results of the present study show that the calculation of the time required for the formation of deciduous tooth enamel is applicable to archaeological samples of newborns.The age estimation using crown formation time together with the analysis of other anthropological parameters, can contribute to a more accurate determination of neonatal death in anthropological, archaeological and forensic contexts.
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