-In this paper a novel method for angular position determination using sensors with sin / cos output and without an excitation signal, is presented. The linearization of the sensor transfer characteristic and digitalization of the measurement results are performed simultaneously with a goal to increase the measurement resolution. This improvement is particularly important for low angular velocities, and can be used to increase the resolution of incremental Hall, magnetic and optical sensors. This method includes two phases of sin/cos signal linearization. In the first linearization phase the pseudo-linear signal is generated. The second linearization phase, executed by the two-stage piecewise linear ADC, is an additional linearization of the pseudo-linear signal. Based on the LabVIEW software simulations of the proposed method, the contribution of each processing phase to a final measurement error is examined. After the proposed method is applied within 2π [rad] range, the maximal nonlinearity is reduced from 0.3307 [rad] (18.9447°) to 3·10 -4 [rad] (0.0172°).

This paper proposes a novel piecewise linear optimal compander design method based on the meansquare approximation of the first derivative of the optimal compressor function. Designing of the piecewise linear optimal compander is conducted for signals modeled with the Gaussian probability density function (PDF) and signals modeled with the Gaussian mixture model (GMM). The slopes of the piecewise linear optimal compressor function are optimized for each quantization segment from the support region. The optimization is performed with a goal of obtaining minimal mean-squared error introduced with the proposed approximation, in this manner affecting the number of the uniform cells within each segment. The obtained numerical results show that signal-to-quantizationnoise ratio (SQNR) of so obtained piecewise linear optimal compander overreaches SQNR of the uniform quantizer, whereas approaches to the SQNR of the nonlinear optimal compander for higher number of quantization segments. Features of the proposed quantizer indicate great possibilities for its widespread application in quantization of signals modeled by Gaussian PDF and GMM.

A novel design of a circuit used for NTC thermistor linearization is proposed. The novelty of the proposed design consists in a specific combination of two linearization circuits, a serial-parallel resistive voltage divider and a twostage piecewise linear analog-to-digital converter. At the output of the first linearization circuit the quasi-linear voltage is obtained. To remove the residual voltage nonlinearity, the second linearization circuit, i.e., a two-stage piecewise linear analog-to-digital converter is employed. This circuit is composed of two flash analog-to-digital converters. The first analog-to-digital converter is piecewise linear and it is actually performing the linearization, while the second analog-to-digital converter is linear and it is performing the reduction of the quantization error introduced by the first converter. After the linearization is performed, the maximal absolute value of a difference between the measured and real temperatures is 0.014ºC for the temperature range between −25 and 75ºC, and 0.001ºC for the temperature range between 10 and 40ºC.

This paper deals with the designing of the forward adaptive μ-law companding quantizer whose levels are coded with the Golomb-Rice code. The designing is performed for measurement signals with the Gaussian distribution and applied for the speech signal. The model satisfies the G. 712 standard and achieves the decreasing of the bit-rate for 1.34 bps (bits per sample) compared to the G. 711 standard.

Pseudorandom position encoder, which employs two code tracks for absolute position measurement, represents one of the latest trends in the development of the absolute position encoders. One sensor head is used for pseudorandom code reading and two additional sensor heads are used for generating synchronization pulses and motion direction determination. Special attention is devoted to the zero position adjustment after the installation of the encoder on the motor shaft. A novel solution for the improved zero position adjustment incorporated in the functional algorithm of the encoder is presented in this paper. The presented solution offers a reliable procedure for the zero position adjustment, taking into account possible motion direction changes during the zero position adjustment process. The algorithm for the zero position adjustment executes only once and does not participate further in the absolute position measurement process. The functioning of the proposed algorithm is described in more details considering one concrete example of the encoder. [Projekat Ministarstva nauke Republike Srbije, br. TR32045]

In this paper a novel two-stage quantizer with the embedded G.711 quantizer is proposed for speech signal processing. The first processing stage, where the input signal is quantized with the G.711 quantizer, is followed by the second stage where the segmental uniform quantizer performs the reduction of the quantization error introduced in the first stage. In this way higher signal quality, measured by signal to quantization noise ratio, is achieved in comparison with the G.711 quantizer while no bit rate reduction is performed. Particularly, in the second stage two additional bits are introduced. Although the expected quality gain, as a result of increasing the overall bit rate for 2 bit/sample, is around 12 dB, the gain achieved with the proposed quantizer is 14 dB. This additional quality gain of 2 dB proves the advantage of the proposed two-stage quantizer.Index Terms-G.711 quantizer, speech signal quality improvement, two-stage quantizer model.