A systematic methodology for condition assessment of the historic road bridges was needed because of the poor and inadequate condition of bridges which cannot satisfy everyday-day dynamic loads and deteriorations due to the aging process. Thus in this study, a new expert system based on the knowledge approach has been proposed to develop a systematic procedure for condition assessment of these bridges using fuzzy logic and sets of α-cuts. Each bridge is divided into three components: superstructure, substructure, and equipment, and each component is divided into relevant elements. These elements are evaluated by an expert and their ratings are fuzzified according to defined fuzzy sets, their membership functions, and linguistic values. Furthermore, fuzzy structural importance is given to ratings of each element. Combinations of these two values are calculated to obtain a fuzzy rating of the component using the Fuzzy Weighted Geometric Mean (FWGM). Finally, for the defuzzification of the component rating, the centroid method is proposed. The Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) is used for comparison of the components. The bridge condition rating is achieved by summering all the components ratings multiplied by their relative importance, and it is presented as a value of the Historic Road Bridge Condition Assessment Index (HRBCAI). The validation is conducted on the bridges built until the end of the Austro-Hungarian Monarchy in Split-Dalmatia County, Croatia.
One of the important segments of pedestrian infrastructure are pedestrian bridges. The importance is greater if these bridges are of historical and cultural significance to the city or region. To manage these bridges, it is important to develop an approach that can enable systematic and organized decision-making for experts and policy makers. Hereby, a recovery of bridges is analyzed for the priority ranking of historic pedestrian bridges. Maps of Europe from XIX. Century for the area of Split-Dalmatia County (SDC) are used to locate the bridges. A total of nine bridges are identified, and a set of relevant criteria are defined to evaluate these bridges. The Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) is used for the comparison of criteria, evidential reasoning for the assessment of bridges according to each criterion, and then the Technique for Order of Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS) is conducted for priority ranking of bridges for the recovery planning. To achieve the final order of bridges it was crucial to take into account mechanical, dynamical, ecological, financial, and, also, social characteristics of these bridges, which was not an easy task. For this reason, the authors proposed a model of decision support to help policy and decision makers in the managing of recovery activities of historic road bridges. The model was conducted on the bridges in the area of SDC, built until the end of the Austro-Hungarian Monarchy.
The aim of this paper is to present a new decision support concept (DSC) related to the ever-growing problem of the maintenance of damaged asphalt pavements. In the process of defining a sustainable approach to resolving this problem, we found complexity in the different needs considering economic, social, and technical aspects. An additional contribution to the problem’s complexity was the many road sections that need to be ranked based on their need for maintenance. The priority ranking was based on the multicriteria Preference Ranking Organization Method for Enrichment of Evaluations (PROMETHEE) method and the Analytic Hierarchy Processing (AHP) method. The DSC implementation contained the inclusion of relevant stakeholders and the definition of goals through identification of several different criteria and their weights. This approach to criteria determination provided a final ranking list of spatial units for maintenance, satisfying the needs of all stakeholders. The DSC presented in this paper was tested in the city of Split for the most important roads needing maintenance of asphalt pavements.
Problems in real life usually involve uncertain, inconsistent and incomplete information. An example of such problems is strategic decision making with respect to remediation planning of historic pedestrian bridges. The multiple decision makers and experts, as well as the various mutually conflicting criteria, unknown criteria weights, and vagueness and duality in final decisions, provide motivation to develop a methodology that is able to resist the challenges implicit in this problem. Therefore, the aim of this research was to propose an algorithm based on the theory of rough neutrosophic sets in order to solve the problem of strategic planning with respect to the remediation of historic pedestrian bridges. A new multicriteria decision-making model is developed that is a fusion of rough set and neutrosophic set theory. A new cross entropy is proposed under a rough neutrosophic environment that does not possess the shortcomings of asymmetrical character and unknown occurrences. Additionally, a weighted rough neutrosophic symmetric cross entropy is proposed. Furthermore, a rough neutrosophic VIKOR method is introduced, with which the values of the utility measure, regret measure and VIKOR index are obtained. These values, as well as the weighted rough neutrosophic symmetric cross entropy measure, are used to provide a ranking of historic pedestrian bridges favorable to remediation. Finally, an illustrative example of the strategic planning of remediation for historic pedestrian bridges is solved and compared to other research, demonstrating the robustness, feasibility and efficacy of the model when dealing with complex multicriteria decision-making processes.
Cadastral parcels valuation is a very important aspect when defining the priorities for the selection of newly formed parcels in the reallocation processes. Land reallocation involves a new redistribution of land parcels in the project implementation area. In doing so, it is necessary to take into account the preferences of private owners, the value of cadastral parcels, and their bonitet values, whose determination is the basic task of this research. The main goal is to propose a model to assess the bonitet of private cadastral parcels based on Expert System (ES) of fuzzy logic within the knowledge component, which would reduce uncertainty and increase the objectivity of the evaluation. Expert knowledge is included in the evaluation process by defining weighting coefficients for optimizing the rule base, and linear and nonlinear value functions for criteria standardizing. By applying the newly formed ES in the bonitet assessment, with the created base of expert knowledge, the processes of estimating attribute values have been improved, especially in the form of reducing uncertainty in the assessment of urban land parcels, as well as increasing objectivity by involving a group of experts in the model creation. The proposed model also provides equal access to all stakeholders in the process of urban renewal with different requirements and desires. The model also provides support in conducting the negotiation procedures and planning of land reallocation implementation. The proposed model was tested on the field of the construction of the Campus of University of Split.
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