With special focus on laying the foundations for a European Education Area by 2025, "The first European Education Summit˝, held on 25 January 2018, aimed at determining how quality, inclusive and values-based education can fight the current challenges and contribute to a successful Europe. Although the primary competence for education policies lies with the Member States, the European Commission has explicitly advocated that joint efforts should be made to strengthen the European identity through education. In particular, a number of initiatives were proposed in order to foster employability in the common market, improve the international competitiveness, promote common values and develop critical thinking for an active citizenship. For all these reasons, this paper aims at determining how Croatian legal education, taking into account its tradition, can contribute to achieving those objectives. Therefore, by analyzing its history and tradition, the first part of the contribution will try to identify the specific features of Croatian higher legal education. Keeping in mind that the success of the process is often influenced by various social, political, economic and historical factors, the central part of the paper will examine the importance of education for shaping the national legal culture and, consequently, efficient harmonization. Considering the challenges that the Croatian educational system is currently facing, as a conclusion, an attempt will be made to offer some preliminary solutions in the debate on how the potential of education can be used to ensure the goals of the European Education Area.
Gratuitous contracts (bailments) are the most common legal affairs in everyday legal transactions. On the one hand, their informal nature that distinguishes them from other legal affairs facilitates their application; on the other hand, it complicates the legal position of the contracting parties in case of breach of contractual obligations. Liability for breach of contractual obligation equally affects both contracting parties: the creditor and the debtor. In accordance with the principle of utility, the debtor is a contracting party that benefits most from the conclusion of a gratuitous contract. However, the discussions about the creditor's obligations and the liability criteria have been quite rare ever since the development of the earliest legal systems. This is not surprising given the fact that the gratuitous contracts are, almost as a rule, concluded between friends and acquaintances, and marked by the trust of the contracting parties. The foundations of the privileged liability of creditors, both in Western European legal systems and in Croatian law, are based on Roman law principles, which have been entered into the modern law of obligations through reception of the ius commune legal norms. As the issue of creditors' liability in gratuitous contracts has not been sufficiently examined in the Croatian scientific literature, this research is aimed at exploring and establishing the legal grounds of liability of the lender (creditor), the depositor, and the donor in Croatian law, by analyzing and comparing the available historical sources of Croatian medieval law. In that context, the authors will also discuss in more detail the reasons for enacting the unique legal solutions contained in the Croatian Obligations Act.
Za proučavanje imovinskopravnih odnosa bračnih drugova, imovinskopravnog položaja žene u braku, ali i drugih instituta od kojih je najpoznatiji djevojački miraz u razdoblju na prijelazu između 19. i 20. stoljeća, ženidbeni ugovori od neprocjenjiva su značaja. Iako pravnopovijesna znanost raspolaže vrijednim istraživanjima bračnog i nasljednog prava čak i kada je riječ o području Slavonije, praktična analiza pravnih isprava, tj. bračnih ugovora, u tim je istraživanjima izostala. Ovim istraživanjem nastojat će se rekonstruirati sadržaj ženidbenih ugovora očuvanih unutar zbirke javnobilježničkih isprava u Državnom arhivu u Osijeku. Raščlamba sadržaja isprava ima za svrhu istražiti je li ugovaranje imovinskopravnih odnosa između bračnih drugova bila česta praksa u društvenom životu građana Osijeka te okolice, te formu i sadržaj pojedinih ugovora. Nastojat će se utvrditi jesu li regulirani instituti u promatranom razdoblju težili k pružanju osiguranja supružnicima za vrijeme trajanja braka ili su pružali osiguranje supružnicima nakon smrti jednog partnera. Osim povijesnopravnog pristupa sadržaju arhivskog materijala, ovim će se istraživanjem nastojati utvrditi i relevantne odredbe mjerodavnog prava koje su normirale spomenute institute, ali valja napomenuti kako su određeni instituti usred neprecizne zakonske regulacije uređeni i odredbama običajnog prava.
Razdoblje neposredno nakon Prvog svjetskog rata obilježeno je nizom političkih i gospodarskih odluka koje su nepovratno izmijenile društvenu strukturu kao i posjedovne odnose na području cijele Države SHS. Sa svrhom ukidanja posljednjih tragova feudalnih ili kolonatskih odnosa te ukidanja veleposjeda, agrarna je reforma bez iznimke provedena na području cijele Države. Dostupna istraživanja u značajnoj su mjeri obrazložila postupak donošenja političkih odluka, kao i postupak primjene agrarne reforme na različitim feudalnim imanjima na području Države te su od neizmjernog značaja za razumijevanje problematike u historijskom, ali i u pravnom smislu. Kada je riječ o provođenju reforme i ukidanju veleposjeda na području Slavonije, pravna historiografija raspolaže podacima o nestajanju velikih imanja slavonskoga plemstva, ali ne i o statusu posjeda bogatih posjednika, osobito onih njemačke narodnosti. U svrhu popunjavanja stanovite praznine, ovo se istraživanje nastojalo usredotočiti na pravnogospodarske učinke provođenja agrarne reforme na veleposjedu Josipa Gustava Blaua koji je istaknutim doprinosom kulturnom razvoju grada Osijeka ostavio značajan trag u historiografiji grada. Detaljnom raščlambom dostupnog arhivskog materijala, kao i komparacijom zaključaka dostupnih istraživanja nastajat će se utvrditi i prikazati veličina i pravni status veleposjeda Pomoćin prije, ali i neposredno nakon eksproprijacije u okviru provođenja agrarne reforme u razdoblju 1921. – 1929. godine.
Particular attention in this research is paid to the regulation of property relations arising after the death of the testator in the Statute of Cres-Osor. The provisions regulating inheritance relations among family members in the content of this source confirm the importance of the family as a community as well as the importance of family property within this late mediaeval commune. In this regard, the Statute of Cres-Osor shows specific features. The equality of male and female descendants when it comes to intestate inheritance is marked by the inheritance regulation of the rare communes of the Kvarner region, including the Cres commune. In this regard, it is important to determine the position of women in marriage and family. In a period when under the influence of the reception of different legal sources, primarily of the Venetian and Byzantine ones, most Adriatic communes adopted almost identical features of inheritance law, in which the inheritance of family property is linked to a certain degree of kinship. The Statute regulated testamentary freedom and free disposal of property according to the will of the testator or for religious purposes. As the systematic analysis of the legal provisions of the statute is merely the subject of the discussions in academic community, a detailed analysis of hereditary relationships regulated by the provisions of this source will certainly contribute to understanding of the legal reality of this mediaeval island commune. This research conducts a detailed analysis into the legal source, and compares specific provisions of other close communes in order to analyse inheritance by will and intestate inheritance regulation as well as other important issues such as the position of certain categories of heirs. Moreover, it aims at detecting the origin of a separate regulation of hereditary relations in this island community.
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