Article Highlights • Kombucha on medicinal plants was characterized • Higher antioxidant activity of herbal kombucha compared to traditional kombucha was established • Higher phenolic and flavonoids contents in herbal kombucha were determined • Elderberry kombucha beverage had the highest ACE inhibitory activity
In the present study, subcritical water was used for extraction of bioactive compounds of Symphytum officinale root. Temperature (120-200 °C), extraction time (10-30 min) and HCl concentration in extraction solvent (0-1.5%) were investigated as independent variables in order to obtain the optimal conditions for extraction and to maximize the yield of total phenols, flavonoids and antioxidant activity of obtained extracts. The application of optimal conditions (200 °C, 25.6 min and 0.0075%) provided extracts rich in total phenols and flavonoids and high antioxidant activity. Results also demonstrated that subcritical water extraction showed significant advantages for recovery of comfrey root bioactive compounds comparing to maceration and ultrasound-assisted extraction techniques. In addition, subcritical water extracts of S. officinale root are the promising sources of compounds with antioxidant, ACE inhibition, and antiproliferative properties and could potentially be used for production of new pharmacologically-active formulations.
The objective of this study was to show that biologically active hydrolysates can be obtained by simulated human gastrointestinal digestion (HGD) of transglutaminase cross‐linked pumpkin oil cake protein (Tg‐C) which was previously reported as a potential functional food additive. A two‐stage in vitro digestion model system (by pepsin and α chymotrypsin and trypsin, simultaneously) was used to simulate the process of HGD on native and Tg‐C major storage pumpkin oil seed/cake protein, cucurbitin (C). The biologically active potential of the digests was evaluated, measuring the angiotensin‐converting‐I enzyme (ACE) inhibitory and anti‐oxidant capacity. The ACE inhibitory activity was determined in both final digests, with IC50 = 0.30 ± 0.04 mg/ml for C and IC50 = 0.28 ± 0.01 for Tg‐C. The anti‐oxidant potency of the examined proteins was enhanced by the digestion process. The 2,2‐diphenyl‐1‐picrylhydrazyl and 2,2′‐azino‐bis(3‐ethylbenzothiazoline‐6‐sulphonic acid) radical cation activities and reducing power testing showed that all the hydrolysates act as a radical quencher and reducing agents. Overall, the results showed that the cross‐linking by Tg did not influence the digestion process, as well as having no effect on the biological activity of the hydrolysates. These also indicate that Tg‐C, if used as functional food additive, after food consumption can be digested and become a source of peptides exerting positive effects on human health.
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