Among the major infectious diseases in fish, those caused by zoosporic organisms are important, especially saprolegniasis. These diseases can affect few animals or even the entire population of the production environment. The use of alternative treatments for infectious diseases in aquatic animals has proven to be effective. It prevents the mortality of part of the crop, as well as the contamination of water by chemical components. Within this scenario, the use of plants stands out, mainly unconventional food plants (UFPs). The objective of this work was to evaluate the effect of the aqueous extracts of Luffa cylindrica, Xanthosoma sagittifolium and Momordica charantia on the mycelial growth of Saprolegnia spp. The extracts obtained from the maceration of dry and ground leaves were incorporated into the potato agar dextrose (PDA), at concentrations of 0, 5, 15, 25 and 50%. Later, filter paper disks containing the mycelium of Saprolegnia spp. were applied on the agar and incubated at 25°C. Evaluations were performed every 24 hours, for 10 days. In the study, all concentrations of M. charantia extract had an inhibitory action on the mycelial growth in the order of 75% of Saprolegnia spp. and can be considered a promising alternative for controlling this pathogen.
Diversos estudos são desenvolvidos com o objetivo de buscar novas tecnologias, como a utilização de plantas alimentícias não convencionais no controle de fitopatógenos. O objetivo desta pesquisa foi avaliar o efeito de extratos vegetais de Luffa cilyndrica, Xanthosoma sagittifolium e Momordica charantia, em diferentes concentrações, sobre o crescimento micelial do fungo Fusarium sp. O procedimento foi realizado a partir dos extratos obtidos da maceração de folhas secas e moídas, incorporados ao meio de cultivo Batata Dextrose Ágar (BDA), nas concentrações de 0, 5, 15, 25 e 50%. Subsequentemente, discos de papel-filtro contendo micélio de Fusarium sp. foram aplicados sobre o ágar e mantidos em estufa a 25 °C. Após 48 horas de incubação, as avaliações foram realizadas em intervalos de 24 horas, permanecendo por sete dias, ou até o momento em que o micélio de Fusarium sp. da placa controle (0%) alcançou os bordos da placa de Petri. O extrato de Xanthosoma sagittifolium a 50% e todas as concentrações do extrato de Momordica charantia, com exceção da 5%, tiveram ação inibitória ao crescimento micelial de Fusarium sp., podendo ser consideradas alternativas diferenciadas e promissoras no controle do fitopatógeno.
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