Liver transplant-associated GVHD is a progressive and fatal disease. Future approaches should focus on prevention and might include avoidance of closely matched human leukocyte antigen donors, treatment of the donor to reduce the number of lymphocytes, or reduction of immunosuppression in the early posttransplant period.
A shared set of predisposing HLA-DQ genes account for the epidemiological overlap of celiac sprue and microscopic colitis. Mild to moderate mononuclear cell inflammation of the small intestine, often accompanied by partial or subtotal villous atrophy, is frequent in patients with the microscopic colitis syndrome. Although further studies will be necessary to determine if this enteropathy is induced by dietary gluten, we speculate that the small intestinal but not colonic histopathology in patients with microscopic colitis is caused by immunological gluten sensitivity.
The CD55/CD59 transgenic porcine liver appears capable of safely "bridging" a patient to liver transplantation. Human PoERV infection from these livers has yet to be demonstrated.
Soluble extracts of Cryptococcus neoformans were examined for their ability to induce a macrophageregulatory T-suppressor cell known to appear in the spleens of mice infected with cryptococci. Suppressor cells were induced by injection of extracts of encapsulated or thinly encapsulated strains of cryptococci, Dose-response analysis showed that as little as 25 ,ug of soluble capsular polysaccharide antigen could induce significant suppressor cell activity, with maximum suppression occurring at a dose of 100 ,ug. The suppressor * Corresponding author.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.