The purpose of the research was to compare student performance in an online or face-to-face (F2F) required Psychology course on three distinct sets of variables (i.e., pre-course, course, and post-course variables). Analyses revealed mixed significant and nonsignificant results. Students did not differ in terms of such variables as hours transferred to the university from prior schools, total hours earned toward their degrees, and number of hours currently attempted. However, online students had significantly lower grade point averages, missed significantly more grade opportunities, and were significantly more likely to fail the course compared to their F2F counterparts. These and other results are discussed in relation to potentially developing a different lens through which to view student performance in online courses.

Due to increases in juvenile and adult involvement with the legal system, the application of Miranda rights has become increasingly scrutinized. Because of this, assistance from psychologists in the court's determination of a valid waiver of Miranda is growing. The present study assesses readability statistics of a sampling of Miranda rights used by law enforcement agencies throughout the United States. Results suggest the need to account for Miranda readability during evaluation of waiver competency for both juveniles and adults. Discussion of the results, Jeffrey L. Helms, currently a member of the faculty at Western Kentucky University, is a clinical psychologist who devotes most of his professional time to teaching, research, and practice in the area of forensic psychology.

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