Femtosecond x-ray and visible pulses were used to probe structural and electronic dynamics during an optically driven, solid-solid phase transition in VO(2). For high interband electronic excitation (approximately 5 x 10(21) cm(-3)), a subpicosecond transformation into the high-T, rutile phase of the material is observed, simultaneous with an insulator-to-metal transition. The fast time scale observed suggests that, in this regime, the structural transition may not be thermally initiated.
The self-channeling of ultrashort laser pulses through 20 m of air was demonstrated. The channeled pulse was measured to have 0.75 mJ of energy, a diameter of 80 microm FWHM, and a modulated spectrum. All these values were measured to be fairly constant during the propagation of the pulse. A preliminary model is shown to explain these results.
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