The modus-operandi for information systems is shifting. Agility and adaptability will be the kingmakers in the decentralising enterprise architecture where on-premise and cloud systems have to be combined seamlessly. At the same time the wealth of data available to organisations needs to be understood and interpreted so as to provide information and inferences needed to generate the knowledge that drives competitive advantage. This chapter offers a high-level introduction to OpenSEA, a framework that combines the open semantics of TOGAF with the open syntax of ISO 24707:2007 Common Logic to provide an Open Semantic Enterprise Architecture.Because of its open nature it is free to adopt and extend, yet retains a root commonality to ensure all participating agents can agree on a common understanding without ambiguity, regardless of the underlying ontology or logic system used.
Distance learning has many facets, ranging from technology implementations to assessment methods. The last decade has seen an increased number of tools to facilitate virtual classrooms and collaboration. However, feedback and evaluation are only partially automated in online courses. This paper largely follows Knowledge Management theories and Artificial Intelligent techniques developing a framework to capture and manage automated responses to student replies. The instructor's tacit knowledge plays a direct role in augmenting class participation, learning communities, and feedback evaluation. Conceptual Graphs are proposed to extract tacit knowledge from instructors' written responses and to assist in externalizing it for future re-use. A questionanswering task is presented to illustrate the relationship between mental models and Conceptual Graphs and the mechanism to select responses through keyword match.
The semantic normal forms of organizational semiotics extract structures from natural language texts that may be stored electronically. In themselves, the SNFs are only canonic descriptions of the patterns of behavior observed in a culture. Conceptual graphs and dataflow graphs, their dynamic variety, provide means to reason over propositions in first order logics. Conceptual graphs, however, do not of themselves capture the ontological entities needed for such reasoning. The culture of an organization contains natural language entities that can be extracted for use in knowledge representation and reasoning. Together in a rigorous, two-step process, ontology charting from organizational semiotics and dataflow graphs from knowledge engineering provide a means to extract entities of interest from a subject domain such as the culture of organizations and then to represent these entities in formal logic reasoning. This paper presents this process, and concludes with an example of how process improvement in an IT organization may be measured in this two-step process.
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