Laboratory studies demonstrated that nymphs of Thyanta perditor (F.) completed their development on seed heads of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and barley (Hordeum vulgare L.), and on immature and mature seeds of black jack (Bidens pilosa L.), whereas no nymphs passed to the third instar when fed with leaves of any plant evaluated. At adult emergency, fresh body weight of females and males was greater on seed heads of wheat and barley (range 59-77 mg) compared to adults reared on immature and mature seeds of black jack (36-51 mg). Survivorship of adults after 40 days post eclosion on wheat seed heads, on green bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) pods, and on maize (Zea mays L.) seeds was > 80%, and was lower on barley seed heads (50%) and on soybean (Glycine max Merr.) pods (< 20%). For wild plants, on mature seeds and on black jack plant, the survivorship was higher than 50%. For reproduction, the most suitable diets were maize seeds, and wheat and barley seed heads (cultivated), and black jack (wild) plants. Twenty-eight days post eclosion, fresh body weight increased on all cultivated plants (26-62%), and less on the wild black jack plant (16%); on immature seeds and inflorescences of black jack, and on immature fruits of milkweed (Euphorbia heterophylla L.), adults lost weight (− 10, − 26, and − 17%, respectively).
Results of field studies with the red-shouldered stink bug Thyanta perditor (F.) demonstrated that nymphs and adults are highly abundant in late summer (March) on maturing soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merrill] plants, and on maturing plants of the weed black jack (Bidens pilosa L.) in the northern area of the state of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. Since soybean is harvested in March, populations decreased sharply in April and resurged somewhat in May. After this month, stink bugs were not observed until late spring in November when adults on maturing wheat plants were captured. Laboratory tests comparing the bug preference for seedlings of cultivated plants indicated that soybean and maize (Zea mays L.) were preferred hosts compared to wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and barley (Hordeum vulgare L.). For non-cultivated plants (weeds), seedlings of milkweed (Euphorbia heterophylla L.) and of flax-leaf fleabane (Conyza bonariensis L.) were preferred over those of signal grass [Brachiaria plantaginea (Link)] and black jack. Seedlings of non-cultivated plants were preferred over cultivated ones, in particular milkweed and black jack. Index-terms: stink bug; population; associated plants; crops. Abundância sazonal de Thyanta perditor (F.) (Heteroptera: Pentatomidae) e sua preferência entre plantas cultivadas e não cultivadas Resumo-Resultados de estudos em campo com o percevejo Thyanta perditor (F.) demonstraram que ninfas e adultos foram mais abundantes no final do verão (março) em soja [Glycine max (L.) Merrill] em fase de maturação e em picão-preto (Bidens pilosa L.) em Passo Fundo, no norte do Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil. Após a colheita da soja em março, as populações diminuíram em abril e reapareceram em maio. Após maio, não foram constatados percevejos até o final da primavera em novembro, quando foram capturados adultos no trigo em maturação. Testes em laboratório indicaram que plântulas de soja e milho (Zea mays L.) foram hospedeiros preferidos em comparação ao trigo (Triticum aestivum L.) e cevada (Hordeum vulgare L.). Plântulas de ervas daninhas, como o leiteiro (Euphorbia heterophylla L.) e a buva (Conyza bonariensis L.) foram preferidas em relação às plântulas de capim-papuã [Brachiaria plantaginea (Link)] e picão-preto. Em geral, plântulas de espécies não cultivadas foram preferidas comparado com plântulas de espécies cultivadas, em especial o leiteiro e o picão-preto.
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