ObjectiveTo explore men’s lived experience of advanced prostate cancer (PCa) and preferences for support.DesignCross-sectional qualitative study applying open-ended surveys and interviews conducted between June and November 2016. Interviews audio-recorded and transcribed verbatim and analysed from an interpretive phenomenological perspective.SettingAustralia, nation-wide.Participants39 men diagnosed with advanced PCa (metastatic or castration-resistant biochemical progression) were surveyed with 28 men subsequently completing a semistructured in depth telephone interview.ResultsThematic analysis of interviews identified two organising themes: lived experience and supportive care. Lived experience included six superordinate themes: regret about late diagnosis and treatment decisions, being discounted in the health system, fear/uncertainty about the future, acceptance of their situation, masculinity and treatment effects. Supportive care included five superordinate themes: communication, care coordination, accessible care, shared experience/peer support and involvement of their partner/family.ConclusionsLife course and the health and social context of PCa influence men’s experiences of advanced disease. Multimodal interventions integrating peer support and specialist nurses are needed that more closely articulate with men’s expressed needs.

BackgroundWeb-based interventions present a potentially cost-effective approach to supporting self-management for cancer patients; however, further evidence for acceptability and effectiveness is needed.ObjectiveThe goal of our research was to assess the effectiveness of an individualized Web-based cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) intervention on improving psychological and quality of life outcomes in cancer patients with elevated psychological distress.MethodsA total of 163 distressed cancer patients (111 female, 68.1%) were recruited through the Queensland Cancer Registry and the Cancer Council Queensland Cancer Helpline and randomly assigned to either a Web-based tailored CBT intervention (CancerCope) (79/163) or a static patient education website (84/163). At baseline and 8-week follow-up we assessed primary outcomes of psychological and cancer-specific distress and unmet psychological supportive care needs and secondary outcomes of positive adjustment and quality of life.ResultsIntention-to-treat analyses showed no evidence of a statistically significant intervention effect on primary or secondary outcomes. However, per-protocol analyses found a greater decrease for the CancerCope group in psychological distress (P=.04), cancer-specific distress (P=.02), and unmet psychological care needs (P=.03) from baseline to 8 weeks compared with the patient education group. Younger patients were more likely to complete the CancerCope intervention.ConclusionsThis online CBT intervention was associated with greater decreases in distress for those patients who more closely adhered to the program. Given the low costs and high accessibility of this intervention approach, even if only effective for subgroups of patients, the potential impact may be substantial.Trial RegistrationAustralian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry ACTRN12613001026718; https://www.anzctr.org.au/Trial/Registration/TrialReview.aspx?id=364768&isReview=true (Archived by WebCite at http://www.webcitation.org/6uPvpcovl)

The correlates of distress after the diagnosis of prostate cancer differ between patients and female partners. For men, masculine self-esteem may be most crucial, whereas for women, her partner's level of distress may matter most. Research to better understand these interactions is needed.

Objective: This study aimed to understand how cancer survivors in rural Queensland seek and receive information, as well as their preferences regarding the content and delivery of health‐related information. Methods: This study explored cancer survivors’ experiences in seeking and comprehending health information using a qualitative descriptive approach. Semi‐structured interviews were conducted with 24 participants. Data were analysed using reflexive thematic analysis. Results: Two major themes and six sub‐themes were identified including 1) information content and gaps – a) information about diagnosis and treatment, b) survivorship information gaps and c) practical support needs and 2) delivery and acceptance of information – a) sources of information, b) personalised information needs and c) information seeking or avoidance. Findings suggested that health information provision was inconsistent; survivors’ attitudes towards seeking information varied greatly; and survivors’ had difficulty processing information due to emotional distress. Conclusion: The role of the health professional is critical in providing information and support to rural cancer survivors. Information provided should be tailored to meet the needs and preferences of individuals taking into consideration demographic factors and attitudes. Implications for public health: The current findings imply that quality information provision after cancer treatment would facilitate improvements in satisfaction among rural cancer survivors.

228 words 49 Methods 50Qualitative thematic analysis conducted on interviews with 28 lung cancer patients 51 and caregivers. Telephone interviews were conducted and transcribed verbatim. Data analysis 52 was guided by contemporary stigma theory. 53 Results 54Patients and caregivers reported high levels of felt stigma and concomitant Both groups responded ambivalently to stigmatizing antismoking advertisements. 62 Conclusions 63The qualitative analysis demonstrated the complex interplay of the social and the 64 personal domains in the experience and outcomes of stigma in lung cancer. There is a 65 significant potential for caregivers of lung cancer patients to experience exacerbations of 66 psychosocial distress as a consequence of widely shared negative views about lung cancer 67 and its prognosis. It remains for researchers and practitioners to incorporate such complexity 68 in addressing stigma and psychosocial distress in both patients and caregivers.

Background: Population mail-out bowel screening programs are a convenient, cost-effective and sensitive method of detecting colorectal cancer (CRC). Despite increased survival rates associated with early detection of CRC, in many countries 50% or more of eligible individuals do not participate in such programs, resulting in a substantial amount of cancers progressing undetected and wasted public health resources. Aim: The current study aimed to systematically review all of the interventions that have been applied internationally to increase fecal occult blood test (FOBT) kit return, specifically in population mail-out programs, to make recommendations to policy makers and program organizers as to the most effective methods of increasing uptake. Method: Six electronic databases (PubMed, PsycINFO, Scopus, InformIT, CINAHL, and ProQuest Dissertations and Theses) were searched for articles published in English before 10th of March 2018. Studies were included if they reported the results of an intervention designed to increase the return of FOBT kits that had been mailed to individuals' homes. Results: PRISMA systematic review reporting methods were applied and each study was assessed using Cochrane's risk of bias tool. The quality of evidence was assessed using GRADE guidelines. The review identified 53 interventions from 30 published studies. Nine distinct intervention strategy types were identified and pooled risk ratios and confidence intervals were estimated for each intervention type. Four key effective intervention strategies were identified including telephone contact, GP endorsement, simplified test procedures, and advance notification with small to moderate effect sizes. Conclusions: Interventions that combine program-level changes incorporating the issue of advance notification and alternative screening tools with the involvement of primary health professionals through endorsement letters and telephone contact should lead to increases in kit return in mail-out CRC screening programs. Future research should examine the benefit of combining intervention strategies and tailoring to specific populations.

Topical antimicrobial treatment is indicated for mild to moderate acne vulgaris. Our literature review includes searches of Ovid, MEDLINE, EMBASE, and the databases of the Cochrane Library. A detailed search strategy is included. All searches were limited to controlled trials and systematic reviews. No year limits were applied to the searches, but we focused on trials, guidelines, and reviews published since 2004, the year that the last review of topical antimicrobials was published in this journal. Several controlled trials demonstrate that benzoyl peroxide, topical antibiotics, and topical retinoids used in combination provide the greatest efficacy and safety profile for the treatment of mild to moderate acne, but there are few trials directly comparing different combinations of these topical therapies with one another. Additionally, robust studies comparing cost and efficacy of generic combinations of the above agents with proprietary fixed-dose combination therapies that may increase compliance are also lacking. Although they have not been extensively studied, alternative agents including dapsone, salicylic acid, azelaic acid, and zinc are safe and efficacious when combined with traditional therapies.

Background Despite an overwhelming body of evidence showing the benefits of physical activity (PA) and exercise for cancer survivors, few survivors meet the exercise oncology guidelines. Moreover, initiating, let alone maintaining exercise programs with cancer survivors continues to have limited success. The aim of this trial is to evaluate the influence of peer support on moderate-to-vigorous PA (MVPA) and various markers of health 12 months following a brief supervised exercise intervention in cancer survivors. Methods Men and women previously diagnosed with histologically-confirmed breast, colorectal or prostate cancer ( n = 226), who are >1-month post-treatment, will be invited to participate in this trial. Once enrolled, participants will complete 4 weeks (12 sessions) of supervised high intensity interval training (HIIT). On completion of the supervised phase, both groups will be provided with written recommendations and verbally encouraged to achieve three HIIT sessions per week, or equivalent exercise that meets the exercise oncology guidelines. Participants will be randomly assigned to receive 12 months of peer support, or no peer support (control). Primary and secondary outcomes will be assessed at baseline, after the 4-week supervised HIIT phase and at 3-, 6- and 12-months. Primary outcomes will include accelerometry-derived MVPA and prescribed HIIT session adherence; whilst secondary outcomes will include cardiorespiratory fitness ( ), body composition, quality of life and select cytokines, myokines and inflammatory markers. Random effects mixed modelling will be used to compare mean changes in outcomes between groups at each time point. A group x time interaction will be used to formally test for differences between groups (alpha =0.05); utilising intention-to-treat analyses. Discussion If successful, peer support may be proposed, adopted and implemented as a strategy to encourage cancer survivors to maintain exercise beyond the duration of a short-term, supervised intervention. A peer support-exercise model has the long-term potential to reduce comorbidities, improve physical and mental wellbeing, and significantly reduce the burden of disease in cancer survivors. Ethics Human Research Ethics Committee of Bellberry Ltd. (#2015–12-840). Trial registration Australian New Zealand Clinical Trial Registry 12618001855213 . Retrospectively registered 14 November 2018. Trial registration includes all components of the WHO Trial Registration Data Set, as recommended by the ICMJE.