SynopsisThe thermal degradation in vacuum of a number of fluorine-containing polymers has been studied by using a weight loss technique. The relative thermal stabilities of the different polymers have been determined and where possible the overall activation energy and frequency factors for their breakdown. The methods of assessment of the weight loss results are discussed. The most stable of the polymers are those which are fully fluorinated.
With the explosive growth in the demand for cloud services, the Data Center and Data Center Interconnect have to achieve hyperscale and provide unprecedented elasticity and resource availability. The underlay network infrastructure has to scale to support tens of millions of physical endpoints at low cost; the virtualized overlay layer has to scale to millions of Virtual Networks connecting hundreds of millions of Virtual Machines (VMs) and Virtualized Network Functions (VNFs), and provide seamless VM and VNF mobility.In this paper, we present Hierarchical SDN (HSDN), an architectural solution that achieves hyper scale using surprisingly small forwarding tables in the network nodes. HSDN introduces a new paradigm for the forwarding and control planes, in that all paths in the network are pre-established in the forwarding tables and the labels identify entire paths rather than simply destinations. These properties of HSDN dramatically simplify establishing tunnels, and thus enable optimal handling of both ECMP and anyto-any end-to-end TE, which in turn yields extremely high network utilization with small buffers in the switches. The preestablished tunnels make HSDN the ideal underlay infrastructure to enable seamless and lossless VM and VNF overlay mobility, and achieve excellent elasticity.HSDN is suitable for a full SDN implementation, using a scalable SDN controller to configure all forwarding tables in the network nodes and in the endpoints, as well as a hybrid approach, using conventional routing protocols in conjunction with a SDN controller.
SynopsisThe thermal degradation in vacuum of a number of halogenated poly(pheny1ene oxide) polymers has been studied by a weight loss method. In general the thermal stability decreased as the degree of substitution in the phenylene nuclei increased. The chloro derivatives were relatively more stable than the corresponding bromo derivatives. The majority of the polymers showed an initial rapid loss in weight followed by the formation of a highly stable residue. The good thermal stability of the simpler poly(pheny1ene oxides), coupled with their fusibility and solubility, indicate that they may be useful starting products for the preparation of practical materials.
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