BackgroundWingless and integration site growth factor (Wnt) signaling is a tumorigenesis-related signaling pathway. Dickkpof-1 (DKK1) and secreted frizzled-related protein-1 (SFRP1) are endogenous negative regulators of Wnt/β-catenin signaling. Accumulating evidence indicates that higher serum levels of DKK1 are correlated with poor prognosis of various types of cancer. Here, we investigated whether exercise training causes changes in the serum levels of DKK1 and SFRP1 in patients with breast cancer.MethodsTwenty-four breast cancer survivors, after chemo- or radiotherapy, participated in this single-blind randomized, controlled pilot study. Subjects were randomized to either an exercise program or a control group for 12 weeks and completed pre- and post-training tests for health-related fitness and body composition as well as blood biomarkers. The serum levels of DKK1 and SFRP1 were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay as the primary outcome.ResultsExercise training for 12 weeks remarkably increased muscle strength, endurance, and flexibility and decreased body fat percentage, waist circumference, and visceral fat area (all p < 0.05). Exercise training lowered serum insulin levels and leptin/adiponectin ratios (all p < 0.05). The levels of DKK1 and SFRP1 were also significantly decreased by exercise training in breast cancer survivors (all p < 0.01).ConclusionsOur results indicate that DKK1 and SFRP1 may be potentially useful biomarkers for evaluating the beneficial effects of long-term exercise on physical fitness and metabolism as well as the prognosis of patients with cancer.Trial registrationClinicalTrials.gov NCT02895178

This study investigated the rate of attempts to quit smoking and related factors in Korean adolescent smokers. Methods: The findings of this study were based on the data obtained from the '2015 11 th Korea Youth Risk Behavior Web-based Survey'. The number of subjects was 5,123. Results: 71.7% of adolescent smokers in our study group had made previous attempts to quit smoking. Logistic regression analysis showed that the following significant factors were related to attempts to quit smoking: smoking amount (OR=1.78, 95% CI=1.42~ 2.23), experience of secondhand smoking in family (OR=1.16, 95% CI=1.02~1.32), experience of smoking cessation education in school (OR=2.05, 95% CI=1.79~2.35) anti-smoking publicity (OR=1.34, 95% CI=1.17~1.55), and close friend's smoking (OR=1.63, 95% CI=1.24~2.17). Conclusion: Smoking cessation policies and programs, especially those targeting adolescent smokers, should consider the factors mentioned above when designing new interventions or campaigns.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship of stress perception and physical activity in the elderly over 60 years of age in Korea. Methods: This s tudy was a s econdary d ata analysis and used d ata from the 8 th 2 nd ( 2 02 0) National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES) as raw data. The subjects of this study were 2,360 elderly people aged 60 years or older from raw data. Data analysis was performed using IBM SPSS 25 ver. Descriptive statistics, chi-square analysis and complex sample logistic regression analysis were performed. Results: Household income, women, subjective health perception, walking were related to stress perception. In result of complex sample logistic regression analysis after adjusting the control variables, the stress perception in 60-69 ages was 2.064 times higher in the case of '1-2 days' walking per week compared to 'more than 3 days' walking per week. The stress perception in 70 years and older was 1.801 times higher in the case of 'none' walking per week compared to 'more than 3 days walking per week. Conclusion: The results provide a basis information for developing an intervention program to improve the stress management and develop a program for healthy aging.

This study aimed to investigate the effects of optimism and self-esteem on resilience in university students. A total of 127 university students were surveyed on optimism, self-esteem, and resilience. The collected data were analyzed using a t-test, one-way ANOVA, correlation analysis, and multilevel multiple regression analysis. The results of this study are as follows: First, university students displayed a statistically significant positive correlation between optimism, self-esteem, and resilience. Second, the factors that most significantly affected resilience in college student were self-esteem (β = .59, p < .001) and optimism (β = .25, p = .001). and these factors explained 62.5% of resilience. Through this study, we looked for approaches to enhance optimism and self-esteem and ultimately improve resilience in university students. It is hoped that this study will be used I meaningfully in follow-up research.

No abstract