Vit D deficiency is an upcoming health problem in both developed and developing countries. It is an essential nutrient required for bone metabolism and growth. Need for vitamin D and calcium is higher in embryonic period, infancy, early childhood, puberty, pregnancy, lactation and old age. Vit D supplementation is not included in the present antenatal care and Integrated Management of Neonatal and Childhood Illness (IMNCI) programmes in India. AIMThis study was done to evaluate the Vit D status of lactating mothers and their exclusively breast fed infants. The study also aims to find the correlation of Vit D with the blood biochemical markers like ALP, PTH, calcium, phosphorus and find the risk factors associated with hypovitaminosis D in infants. MATERIALS AND METHODSFifty two lactating mothers and their exclusively breastfed infants up to 4 months age were selected and their blood was analysed for Vit D, calcium, phosphorus, ALP and PTH. RESULTSAn 86% of mothers and 87% of infants showed hypovitaminosis D. There is significant positive correlation between maternal and infant Vit D levels. Vit D of infants showed significant inverse correlation with BMI of mothers and PTH of infants. CONCLUSIONVit D status of exclusively breast fed infants depend on maternal Vit D levels. Infant's bone mineral status is affected by hypovitaminosis D. Therefore, both mothers and infants should be supplemented with Vit D to prevent complications in future.
cards, mobile phones and information on local services to aid their movement onwards. Conclusion We have shown this resource is sustainable and extremely valued by recipients. We have extended the project to help vulnerable adults and, with the right financial support, it is scalable across the UK.
AimIncreasing attacks on healthcare personnel in India have highlighted the need for improved communication between staff and patients. Currently, communication skill workshops target doctors and nurses, overlooking a key player relevant to patient satisfaction—allied health professionals (henceforth, AHPs). This study evaluates the impact of communication skills training for diagnostic laboratory and blood bank personnel on patient satisfaction scores.MethodThe impact of communication workshop for AHPs was tested through pre-workshop and post-workshop questionnaires to participants that tested how they handle communication with patients. Additionally, participants were also administered the questionnaire 4 months after the workshop to test knowledge retention. In parallel, the change in patient satisfaction towards AHPs was assessed by a pre-workshop and post-workshop patient survey.ResultsParticipants experienced a statistically significant improvement in communication skills, as measured by the pre-workshop and post-workshop questionnaires. This coincided with a significant increase in patient satisfaction scores after the workshop, as indicated by the patient satisfaction survey. The difference in communication skills scores between experienced and inexperienced personnel showed a marked decrease after the workshop, suggesting that such workshops can help inexperienced workers ‘catch up’ with more experienced workers. However, scores of all participants showed a statistically significant decrease after 4 months, suggesting that the use of such workshops can be enhanced through periodic refresher courses.ConclusionCommunication workshops for AHPs can play a crucial role in improving patient–hospital relations. These workshops can also help standardise services by bridging communication skill differences between experienced and inexperienced staff.
Background:Oxidative stress plays an important role in the pathogenesis of DM and its complications. However, antioxidant status and its contribution to type 2 DM are less explored in South Indian population. Metformin, is a biguanide anti hyperglycemic agent used for the management of type 2 diabetes. Aim: To study the alteration in oxidant and antioxidant status in type 2 diabetic subjects on treatment with Metformin and to evaluate the effect of metformin in improving the total antioxidant status. Methodology: All subjects were T2DM patients, on metformin monotherapy (500 mg, bd) and were grouped into Group 1 and Group 2 based on their HbA1c values with response to metformin. Baseline parameters (B.P, Waist Hip ratio, BMI, family history), glycemic status, lipid profile, Total antioxidant capacity (TAC), Malondialdehyde (MDA) and serum Metformin levels were assayed. Results: Fasting insulin (μIu/ml), TAC (µM), MDA (nmol/ml), Metformin (µg/ml) values in group 1 and group II are 22. 38 ± 2.7, 14 ± 3.9, 268.71± 23.12, 355.75 ± 26.32, 3.37 ± 0.21, 1.68 ± 0.05, 0.17 ± 0.01, 0.08 ± 0.005 respectively. Oxidative stress was higher with reduced antioxidant status in Group I compared to Group II subjects. Conclusion: It may be concluded that total antioxidant status is lower in type 2 diabetic subjects of Group 1 category compared to diabetic subjects in the Group 2 and it may be related to the beneficial effects of the biguanide, Metformin.
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