r é s u m é L'approche centrée sur la personne est une approche holistique et individuelle adaptée pour répondre aux besoins de la personne, en reconnaissant le client en qualité d'expert et de participant actif dans le processus de réadaptation. Cet article met l'accent sur une étude qui a été menée en Estonie pour explorer les perceptions des personnes handicapées au sujet de l'approche centrée sur la personne, en étudiant leur expérience des services dont ils ont été bénéficiaires et la participation au processus d'appréciation initiale des besoins de réadaptation. Douze entretiens approfondis ont été effectués auprès de personnes handicapées dans les différentes régions d'Estonie. Les résultats ont été analysés en utilisant l'analyse thématique qualitative. L'objectif du projet de recherche (2010-2015) a consisté en élaboration d'un outil pour apprécier des besoins réadaptation, centré sur la personne. Les résultats ont révélé qu'en décrivant leurs expériences, les participants à l'étude ont identifié des composantes importantes de l'approche centrée sur la personne. En particulier, l'étude montre qu'ils ont décrit que dans la procédure d'évaluation, les facteurs suivants sont importants : (1) compréhension des utilisateurs du service et réponse à leurs besoins individuels, (2) connexion et partenariat avec les utilisateurs du service, (3) fourniture d'informations appropriées, (4) abordant les questions de pouvoir et d'autonomisation. Les résul-tats suggèrent que si ces composants sont inclus, les usagers des services sont susceptibles de se montrer plus motivés pour prendre en considération leur situation et exercer plus de contrôle sur leur vie. Ces résultats peuvent être pertinents pour les pays qui se réfèrent au besoin des usagers pour transformer les services aux personnes handicapées et qui utilisent une approche centrée sur la personne.
Increasing attention has been paid to the ‘voice’ of people living with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) or dementia, but there is a lack of clarity about how everyday life is perceived from this insider’s perspective. This study aimed to explore the everyday life experiences, challenges and facilitators of individuals with MCI and dementia living at home. A scoping review of qualitative studies, guided by the Joanna Briggs Institute Reviewers Manual, was conducted. Eight databases were searched, resulting in 6345 records, of which 58 papers published between 2011 and 2021 were included. Analysis was carried out by descriptive content analysis. Findings were categorized into seven spheres of everyday life: experiences related to the condition, self, relationships, activities, environment, health and social care and public opinions. The results show many disruptions and losses in everyday life and how people try to accommodate these changes. In all areas of everyday life, people show a deep desire to have reciprocal relationships, stay engaged through participation in activities and have a sense of belonging in the community. However, more research is needed on the factors that promote and impede the sense of reciprocity and belonging.
This article focuses on difficulties that people with disabilities and reduced work capacity experience in employment and social participation, and on their rehabilitation goals, in order to make recommendations for policy and social and vocational rehabilitation service provision. A semi-structured interview procedure, which included the World Health Organization Disability Assessment Schedule 2.0, was used to conduct initial needs assessments with 85 persons in Estonia. Quantitative and qualitative data were gathered and analysed using descriptive statistics and thematic analysis. Results revealed that participants experienced multiple difficulties, which they mostly ascribed to unstable health conditions, that limited their abilities to participate in employment and social activities. A large number of participants also identified themselves as unemployed for health reasons and linked their rehabilitation goals to health restoration rather than becoming employed. Difficulties such as lack of work skills, unsuitable work tempo, mobility limitations, and emotional problems were also mentioned. To support people with disabilities in obtaining and maintaining employment, services must correspond to the persons´ need; and comprehensive, person-centred rehabilitation assessment, service planning, and budgeting mechanisms are needed. Supportive legislation, flexibility in service provision, and the availability of needs-based rehabilitation and other services, including lifelong learning opportunities, are also necessary to help people learn new work skill
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