The procedural justice model is a common framework for understanding how and why fair procedures conveyed by legal authorities (such as police officers) shape the legal socialization process. The present contribution draws upon self-determination theory (SDT) to advance the procedural justice model through its focus on internalization, in terms of identification and external regulation. Study 1 is a questionnaire-based study conducted among 268 Belgian adolescents that provides initial evidence for the incremental value of the SDT-based operationalization of internalization, above and beyond the classic operationalization (i.e., obligation to obey), for explaining why perceived procedural justice is linked to more compliance and less defiance. These results are corroborated in Study 2, which involves an experimental, vignette-based study (N = 210) contrasting a procedurally just versus unjust situation. The discussion focuses on how SDT may inform the legal socialization literature.
The purpose of this study was to assess if a specific personality structure and personality profile might be observed in Africa comparing data from four African regions (N = 1,774) with data from Burkina Faso (N = 717) and Switzerland (N = 1,787), according to the Five-Factor Model (FFM). A total of 4,278 participants completed the French version of the Revised NEO Personality Inventory (NEO-PI-R) made up of 240 items. Concerning the structure, a recombination of Extraversion and Agreeableness in two factors labeled Love and Dominance was observed before targeted factor analyses. After Procrustes rotation, the Swiss factorial structure replicated well in Africa. The only specificity was that the Excitement Seeking facet scale loaded consistently on the Openness factor in Africa. However, personality structures obtained in different African regions were not more similar among themselves than they were to the structure found in Switzerland. Finally, multigroup confirmatory factor analyses suggested that the NEO-PI-R dimensions reached configural and metric invariances, but not scalar invariance, at CHINESE UNIV HONG KONG LIB on February 9, 2015 jcc.sagepub.com Downloaded from Zecca et al. 685indicating that the mean personality profiles might be difficult to compare. Thus, this study showed no evidence for a unique pan-African structure.
Given that colour appropriateness is highly sensi3ve to the context in which the colour is evaluated, and emo3on can be recognized from bodily expression [7] : Research ques5ons: • Do nonverbal expressions of emo3on influence an observer's judgment of colour appropriateness? • How is expressed emo3on related to colour brightness, satura3on and hue? Predic5ons: Expressions of posi3ve (joy) emo3on are associated with brighter and more saturated colours than are expressions of nega3ve (fear) emo3on. The heterogenous literature did not allow a clear-cut predic3on on the exact hue range appropriate for these emo3ons.
To assess if the alteration of neuromuscular properties of knee extensors muscles during heavy exercise co-vary with the SCV ($${\dot{{\rm{V}}}{\rm{O}}}_{2}$$V̇O2 slow component), eleven healthy male participants completed an incremental ramp test to exhaustion and five constant heavy intensity cycling bouts of 2, 6, 10, 20 and 30 minutes. Neuromuscular testing of the knee extensor muscles were completed before and after exercise. Results showed a significant decline in maximal voluntary contraction (MVC) torque only after 30 minutes of exercise (−17.01% ± 13.09%; p < 0.05) while single twitch (PT), 10 Hz (P10), and 100 Hz (P100) doublet peak torque amplitudes were reduced after 20 and 30 minutes (p < 0.05). Voluntary activation (VA) and M-wave were not affected by exercise, but significant correlation was found between the SCV and PT, MVC, VA, P10, P100, and P10/P100 ratio, respectively (p < 0.015). Therefore, because the development of the SCV occurred mainly between 2–10 minutes, during which neuromuscular properties were relatively stable, and because PT, P10 and P100 were significantly reduced only after 20-30 minutes of exercise while SCV is stable, a temporal relationship between them does not appear to exist. These results suggest that the development of fatigue due to alterations of neuromuscular properties is not an essential requirement to elicit the SCV.
To investigate the influence of different metabolic muscle fiber profiles on the emergence of the slow component of oxygen uptake ($${\dot{\text{V}}\text{O}}_{2}$$V˙O2SC), 12 habitually active males completed four sessions of different combinations of work-to-work transition exercises up to severe intensity. Each transition was modeled to analyze the different kinetic parameters. Using a new approach, combining Henneman’s principle and superposition principle, a reconstructed kinetics was built by temporally aligning the start of each new transition and summing them. The primary phase time constant significantly slowed and the gain at the end (GainEnd) significantly increased when transitions started from a higher intensity (p < 0.001). Kinetic parameters from the reconstructed curve ($${\dot{\text{V}}\text{O}}_{2} {\text{baseline}}$$V˙O2baseline, time delay of primary phase, $${\dot{\text{V}}\text{O}}_{2}$$V˙O2End and GainEnd) were not significantly different from one transition to severe exercise. These results suggest that the appearance of the $${\dot{\text{V}}\text{O}}_{2}$$V˙O2SC is at least related to, if not the result of, the different metabolic properties of muscle fibers.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
hi@scite.ai
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.