Switching from document-centric engineering to Model Based Systems Engineering (MBSE), Systems Engineering (SE) has significantly evolved in terms of standard practices for the design of complex, interdisciplinary systems. MBSE consists in a top-down, model based approach to describe the entire system focusing on different points of view that cover at least structural and behavioral descriptions. Over the past decade, the need to perform an engineering analysis in the early steps of the system's life cycle has opened avenues for joint use of MBSE and Multidisciplinary Design Analysis and Optimization (MDAO). MDAO is fully dedicated to Analysis and Optimization: the model is restricted to a single aspect of the system that is described in details in a formal language that will be the input of the associated computing tool. This paper surveys and categorizes MBSE and MDAO approaches for better understanding of how MBSE and MDAO can be associated in a systems engineering project. Lessons learned from this literature survey will be used in the framework of French project Concorde. One major expected achievement of the project is to design and implement a methodology to populate parts of the MDAO modeling approach directly from the MBSE one, applied to a UAV case study.
Over the past decade, Systems Engineering has switched from document-centric approaches to model-based ones. In this context, Model Based System Engineering (MBSE) and Multidisciplinary Design Analysis and Optimization (MDAO) have emerged as two complementary disciplines. How to combine MBSE and MDAO approaches for the benefits of systems engineers is still an open issue. This paper discusses a case study of coupling MBSE and MDAO. The MBSE part relies on SysML and timed automata, two modeling languages that are supported by the TTool and UPPAAL-SMC tools, respectively. The MDAO part is developed in the context of Open MDAO. The paper uses a drone as a case study and focuses discussion on battery usage. The SysML model of the drone is enhanced with a timed automata model of the battery. The SysML model of the battery is populated with results from MDAO analysis. In this context, combining SysML, UPPAAL-SMC and Open-MDAO offers to improve self-confidence in some values lying in the model, improve self-confidence in the requirements satisfaction, as well as to refine some requirements values with better accuracy.
This paper presents an ongoing work on how systems engineering relates pilot, procedures, and the aircraft. This is done by modelling these three using an example case of landing procedure (general aviation). The model also helps in performing safety analysis of the procedures laid out by the aircraft operators/ manufacturers, or the aviation regulating authorities (EASA, FAA, etc.).
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