New records of Carabus (Morphocarabus) rothi alutensis Săvulescu, 1972 (Insecta: Coleoptera) in Olt River Basin (Romania)
Carabus (Morphocarabus) rothi alutensis Săvulescu, 1972 was recorded only from the right bank of the Olt River (Călimăneşti, Râmnicu Vâlcea). The authors' recent studies (2008-2009) allowed the record of new sample points (for this subspecies) located on the left side of the river: the Cozia National Park at various altitudes and around Dăeşti locality.
Abstract. Certain criteria such as geographical proximity and a nearby elytra sculpture has suggested a phylogenetic relationship between Carabus rothi Dejean and Carabus alutensis Săvulescu. The use of mitochondrial markers (COI, cyt b) shows: the presence of 3 haplotypes, geographically presents in two regions: southern Transylvania (distributed in North, Centre, South) and Cozia Mountains. The populations from South stations of Transylvania (Bradu, Cisnădioara, Turnu Roșu) and those from Cozia Mountains are identical genetic structure despite the distance, assuming two independent origins with the same maternal phylogeny. On the left bank of the Olt River and Cozia Mountains, rothi and alutensis are identical to the rothi from south stations and result without any doubt from a common ancestor. Therefore, there is a close parental relation between alutensis on the left bank of the Olt River and rothi from the south, the other geographical origins of Carabus (Morphocarabus) rothi rothi being distinct.
C. (Morphocarabus) rothi comptus Dejean 1831, is a endemic species of the Romania, appearing localized to some mountainous massifs of Romanian Banat and their piedmont areas (Poiana Rusca Mountains, Țarcu Mountains). Its presence in the Apuseni Mountains is doubtful, due to the lack of recent captures and to the confusion with C. (Morphocarabus) hampei diffinis Csiki 1905, morphologically like. In Banat the species occurs in two forms: szorenyensis Csiki 1908 at higher altitude (1300-2000 m) and ulrichhoffmanni Lie 1982 in hilly areas, which is distinguished by a larger size. Whatever the altitude and the ecological conditions, the period of activity is brief, spread over a month with a maximum of over two weeks. Molecular biology studies: confirm the belonging of comptus to rothi as a subspecies of her (28SRNA5 marker); suggest (concatenation COI I / cyt b) a low infra-specific variability between provenances of the szorenyensis (Rusca, Muntele Mic) and between the origins of the ulrichhoffmanni.
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