Some diseases, such as renal colic, stroke, and myocardial infarction, correlate with seasonality and microclimatic variations. Although evidence is limited and controversial, a correlation between acute-onset atrial fibrillation (AAF) and seasonality has been previously reported. In order to elucidate the possible correlations between weather and incidence of AAF in a country with a temperate climate, the influence of day-by-day climate changes was analyzed based on the number of visits for AAF (defined as onset of symptoms within 48h) in a large urban Emergency Department (ED) of northern Italy. All the episodes of AAF were retrieved from the hospital's electronic database during a period of 3287days (January 2002 to December 2010). Only the cases whose onset occurred within 48h from the ED visit were selected. The total number of ED visits was 725,812 throughout the observational period. Among these, 3633 AAF cases were observed, 52% of which were males. A slight but significant negative linear correlation was found between the number of AAFs and the daily temperature (R=-0.60; p=0.001). No correlation was found between the number of AAFs and the daily humidity (R=-0.07; p=0.2).
Background: Radial artery occlusion (RAO) is a thrombotic complication of transradial catheterization that can lead to permanent occlusion of the radial artery. Sheath-vessel diameter ratio, postprocedure compression time, occlusive hemostasis, and insufficient anticoagulation are all predictors of RAO. However, excessive anticoagulation can lead to longer time to achieve complete hemostasis and less patent hemostasis rate. This study was designed to assess the relationship among residual anticoagulation at the end of a percutaneous coronary procedure and the risk of RAO. Methods: Eight hundred thirty-seven patients undergoing transradial catheterization were enrolled. Activated clotting time (ACT) was measured before sheath removal. Patients were divided into 3 groups according to ACT values (ACT <150 s, ACT between 150 and 249 s, ACT >250 s), patent hemostasis with reverse Barbeau test was attempted in all patients, and compression device removed as soon as possible. Within 24 hours, patency of radial artery was checked by Doppler using reverse Barbeau technique. Results: Incidence of RAO was higher for the extreme ACT values. Patent hemostasis were less frequently obtained and time to hemostasis significantly longer for increasing ACT values ( P =0.004 for trend and <0.0001 for trend, respectively). At logistic regression analysis, ACT values <150 s were an independent predictor of RAO (odds ratio, 3.53; 95% IC, 1.677–7.43; P =0.001) while adjusted probability for RAO confirmed U-shaped relationship with ACT values. Conclusions: The level of anticoagulation is strongly related to incidence of RAO and should be measured objectively by ACT. Clinical Trial Registration: URL: https://www.clinicaltrials.gov . Unique identifier: NCT02762344.
Objectives To assess the independent predictors of patent and occlusive hemostasis (PH and OH, respectively) during radial hemostasis after coronary procedures. Background Radial artery occlusion (RAO) is a thrombotic complication of transradial catheterization that can lead to permanent occlusion of the radial artery. Sheath‐vessel diameter ratio, postprocedure compression time, occlusive hemostasis, inadequate, and excessive anticoagulation are all predictors of RAO. Methods As a part of a previously published study investigating the relationship between residual anticoagulation and risk of RAO, 837 patients undergoing transradial diagnostic coronary angiography or percutaneous coronary interventions were enrolled. Cumulative heparin dose used during the procedure and ACT measured before sheath removal were recorded. PH with reverse Barbeau test was attempted in all patients (NCT02762344). Results PH was less frequently obtained for increasing cumulative heparin dose and ACT values (p < .0001 and p = .0034, respectively). At logistic regression analysis both cumulative heparin dose and ACT values were independent predictors of OH (OR 1.017, 95% IC 1.011–1.023 p < .0001 and OR 1.004, 95% IC 1.001–1.006, p = .0004) while adjusted probability for RAO showed exponential relationship with both parameters. Conclusions The level of anticoagulation is strongly related to the incidence of RAO, and should be taken into account when choosing hemostasis protocol.
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