This work presents a technique in which a database of outsole pattern of shoeprint images has been automatically sorted against a query shoeprint image. Shoe marks found at the place of crime are used to provide valuable forensic evidence. This system presents a technique for rotation and intensity invariant automatic shoeprint matching so that the spatial positioning of the reference shoeprint image does not have to correspond with the spatial positioning of the shoeprint images of the database. Gabor transform has been used to extract multi resolution features of a shoeprint. Radon transform has been used to estimate the rotation of the shoeprint image and is compensated by rotating the features in opposite direction. Shoeprint database has been generated by inviting participants to tread on an inkpad and then stamp on a piece of paper. Template query images have been compared using Euclidean distance classifier which has been used to find a suitable match. The performance of the proposed algorithm has been evaluated in terms of percentage accuracy for four different matching methods. This technique performs better compared to results obtained using power spectral density features for full print images with the rotation, intensity and mixed attacks. General TermsImage processing, Forensic application.
Introduction Prolonged hyperbilirubinemia is defined as high bilirubin levels (>10 mg/dL) persisting beyond day 14 of life in term neonates and beyond day 21 in preterm neonates. Methods and Material A prospective cross-sectional study was conducted at a rural tertiary care hospital after obtaining an ethical approval and an informed consent. All infants under 6 months of age with hyperbilirubinemia after 21 days in preterm and 14 days in term were included. This study was designed to determine the proportion of prolonged hyperbilirubinemia and its causes and investigative profile in rural tertiary care. Results Out of total infants showing hyperbilirubinemia, 30.51% of patients had conjugated hyperbilirubinemia with female predominance, whereas 69.49% had unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia with male predominance. In our study, 38.14% were diagnosed with breast milk jaundice, followed by 33.90% caused by septicemia and 10.17% cases of cephalhematoma. In addition, hypothyroidism and TORCH infections were observed in 4.24% of cases, whereas a single case of cystic hygroma, subdural emphysema, pyloric stenosis, and G6PD deficiency was seen. In comparison, late-onset hemorrhagic disease of newborns was observed in 3.39% of cases. Conclusion Breast milk jaundice was the most frequently encountered etiologies of prolonged hyperbilirubinemia and hence, unnecessary investigation for unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia should be avoided.
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