A palladium-catalyzed cross-coupling
between aryl esters and anilines
is reported, enabling access to diverse amides. The reaction takes
place via activation of the C–O bond by oxidative addition
with a Pd–NHC complex, which enables the use of relatively
non-nucleophilic anilines that otherwise require stoichiometric activation
with strong bases in order to react. High yields of aromatic, aliphatic,
and heterocyclic products are obtained. A range of activated esters
are evaluated in the presence and absence of catalyst, demonstrating
that the catalytic methodology substantially increases the types of
electrophiles that can be utilized for amide bond formation in the
absence of harsh bases.
A highly regioselective and efficient base‐catalyzed intramolecular hydroalkoxylation of primary and secondary alkynyl alcohols was developed to afford 1,4‐oxaza heterocycles. Although the rates of cyclization for terminal alkynyl alcohols were significantly greater than those for internal ones, our method tolerated both terminal and internal alkynes. In addition, an unprecedented one‐pot hydroamination reaction was found to proceed with high chemo‐ and regioselectivity to form indole‐fused azlactones in the presence of base.
An intermolecular coupling of primary
alcohols and organotriflates
has been developed to provide ketones by the action of a Ni(0) catalyst.
This oxidative transformation is proposed to occur by the union of
three distinct catalytic cycles. Two competitive oxidation processes
generate aldehyde in situ via hydrogen transfer oxidation or (pseudo)dehalogenation
pathways. As aldehyde forms, a Ni-catalyzed carbonyl-Heck process
enables formation of the key carbon–carbon bond. The utility
of this rare alcohol to ketone transformation is demonstrated through
the synthesis of diverse complex and bioactive molecules.
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