No author has a financial or proprietary interest in any material or method mentioned.

The new toric IOL restored distance and near visual function with excellent predictability in eyes with moderate to high corneal astigmatism having cataract surgery.

Implantation of the AT LISA toric IOL using corneal incisions <2.2 mm provides excellent predictability for astigmatic correction.

Corneal vector astigmatic changes are related to some signs of keratoconus progression and are therefore predictive.

Purpose:The aim was to evaluate the intra-observer repeatability of the ocular optical quality measurements provided by a double-pass system in healthy eyes. Methods: A total of 24 healthy eyes of 24 patients with ages ranging from 20 to 60 years were included in the study. Three consecutive measurements were obtained by an experienced examiner with the Optical Quality Assessment System (Visiometrics) of the following parameters defined by the manufacturer as follows: cut-off spatial frequency for the modulation transfer function (COMTF), Strehl ratio, width of the point spread function (PSF) at 10 per cent of its maximal height (PSF10) and width of the PSF at 50 per cent of its maximal height (PSF50). Intra-observer repeatability for 3.0 mm pupil measurements was evaluated by the within-subject standard deviation (S w) and intra-class correlation coefficient (ICC). Results:The Sw values for the different parameters evaluated were 4.34 cycles per degree for COMTF, 0.03 for the Strehl ratio, 1.14 arcmin for PSF10 and 0.36 arcmin for PSF50. The ICC values for these parameters were 0.746, 0.627, 0.783 and 0.814 for COMTF, Strehl ratio, PSF10 and PSF50, respectively. Statistically significant correlations were found between COMTF and the Sw for PSF50 (r = -0.45, p = 0.03), and between the Sw and the mean value for PSF50 (r = 0.42, p = 0.04). The significance of these correlations would vanish when considering the Bonferroni correction. Conclusions: Measurements provided by the Optical Quality Assessment System should be considered and interpreted with caution because their consistency seems to be limited, especially in eyes with poor optical quality. The limitation in the validity of measurements due to the use of infrared light instead of middle-wavelength light should also be considered. Key words: double-pass system, ocular optics, optical qualityIn the human eye, scattering, diffraction and optical aberrations are the phenomena leading to the degradation of optical quality of the visual system. 1 Analysis of the optical quality of the eye can provide information about the contribution of these factors to the deterioration of the retinal image and allows the clinician to have a better understanding of the visual complaints of some patients. Numerous systems and devices have been developed as objective tools for the clinical assessment of the optical performance of the eye, such as ocular wavefront analysers or aberrometers, 2,3 or double-pass (DP) systems. 4,5 Wavefront sensors allow the clinician to characterise only one of the limiting factors for optical quality of the retinal image, wavefront aberrations, considering the combined optical performance of the cornea and crystalline lens. 2,3