ResumenNuestro estudio trata de identificar cuáles son los motivos más relevantes que mueven a las pequeñas empresas españolas a externalizar las tareas de contabilidad y confección de impuestos, y qué es lo que realmente les ha llevado a tomar esa decisión. La identificación de estos motivos nos permite evaluar el enfoque estratégico o táctico que toma esta decisión en las pequeñas empresas y empresarios autónomos. A partir de los enfoques de la Teoría de los Costes Económicos de Transacción (TCE) y la Visión Basada en los Recursos (RBV), se definen un conjunto de razones para externalizar y contrastamos si la empresa ha actuado o no de forma consecuente con estas percepciones. El temor a posibles sanciones económicas se revela como el principal motivo que lleva a las pequeñas empresas a externalizar las tareas contables y de confección de impuestos. Las que temen a las sanciones pero no externalizan, lo hacen por motivos económicos. Ello es producido por la percepción de que tales tareas son consideradas como administrativas y no como fundamentales para la toma de decisiones, por lo que, ante ellas, realizan un enfoque más táctico (cercano a la TCE) que estratégico (propio de la RBV). Palabras clave: externalización, impuestos, sanciones, estrategias, orden de prelación. AbstractOur study tries to identify the most relevant reasons that move small Spanish companies to outsource the tasks of accounting and tax preparation, and what has really led them to make that decision. The identification of these motives allows us to evaluate the strategic or tactical approach that this decision makes in the small companies and independent entrepreneurs. Based on the approaches of the Theory of Economic Transaction Costs (TCE) and the Resource-Based View (RBV), a set of reasons are defined for outsourcing and we test whether or not the company has acted consistently with these Perceptions. The fear of possible economic sanctions is revealed as the main reason that leads small businesses to outsource accounting and tax preparation tasks. Those who fear sanctions but do not outsource, do so for economic reasons. This is produced by the perception that such tasks are considered as administrative and not as fundamental for decision making, so that, before them, they take a more tactical approach (close to the TCE) than strategic (more tipycal of the RBV).
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