SummaryNegative effects of poaching on seabird populations are not usually evaluated quantitatively when assessing seabird colony conservation status, nor are they generally considered a major concern. We demonstrate that poaching is still intense in the Canary Islands, and has negative consequences for the conservation of seabird colonies. We quantified the effects of poaching of Cory's Shearwater fledglings on breeding success on different islands in the Canaries, comparing colonies that suffer from intense, medium, or no poaching. Poaching reduced the breeding success of affected colonies to almost a third, potentially causing the future extinction of the colony. Only colonies with intense wardening campaigns reached high values of reproductive success, showing that government surveillance in conjunction with volunteers from different NGOs is a very effective approach in reducing poaching. A population sensitivity analysis was also conducted to provide data on the factors that most affect the performance of the model. Although population growth and mean final population size varied with increases and decreases in mortality and carrying capacity, only harvesting resulted in a probability of 100% of extinction in 20-40 years. To promote seabird conservation in regions such as the Canary Islands, a core archipelago for seabird species in the Atlantic, poaching control should be elevated by society to a level of urgency, requiring dedicated funding and mobilisation of experts and volunteers to adequately address it through education, prevention and enforcement. ResumenLos efectos negativos de la caza furtiva en las poblaciones de aves marinas no suelen ser considerados cuantitativamente a ; it should says: "cuantitativamente a la hora" la hora de evaluar el estado de conservación de las colonias de aves marinas, tampoco se les considera una de las principales preocupaciones. Nosotros demostramos que la caza furtiva sigue siendo intensa en las Islas Canarias y tiene consecuencias negativas para la conservación de las colonias. Cuantificamos los efectos de la caza furtiva sobre pollos volanderos de Pardela cenicienta en el éxito reproductivo de la especie en distintas islas de las Canarias, comparando colonias que sufren desde intensa, a media, o a ninguna caza furtiva. La caza furtiva redujo el éxito reproductor de las colonias afectadas a casi un tercio, lo que podría causar la extinción futura de la colonia. Sólo las colonias bajo campañas de vigilancia intensa alcanzaron valores altos de éxito reproductor, mostrando que las campañas de vigilancia del gobierno en conjunción con los voluntarios de diferentes ONGs constituyen un enfoque muy eficaz para reducir la caza furtiva. También llevamos a cabo un análisis de sensibilidad de la población para proporcionar datos sobre los factores que más afectan la interpretación del modelo. Aunque el crecimiento de la población y el tamaño medio de población final varía con aumentos y disminuciones en la mortalidad y la capacidad de carga, sólo la caza furtiva dio como resu...
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