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Expression changes for long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been identified in adult glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) and in a mixture of adult and pediatric astrocytoma. Since adult and pediatric astrocytomas are molecularly different, the mixture of both could mask specific features in each. We determined the global expression patterns of lncRNAs and messenger RNA (mRNAs) in pediatric astrocytoma of different histological grades. Transcript expression changes were determined with an HTA 2.0 array. lncRNA interactions with microRNAs and mRNAs were predicted by using an algorithm and the LncTar tool, respectively. Interactomes were constructed with the HIPPIE database and visualized with the Cytoscape platform. The array showed expression changes in 156 and 207 lncRNAs in tumors (versus the control) and in pediatric GBM (versus low-grade astrocytoma), respectively. Predictions identified lncRNAs that have putative microRNA binding sites, which might suggest that they function as sponges in these tumors. Also, lncRNAs were shown to interact with many mRNAs, such as Pleckstrin homology-like domain, family A, member 1 (PHLDA1) and sulfatase 2 (SULF2). For example, qPCR found long intergenic non-coding RNA regulator of reprogramming (linc-RoR) expression levels upregulated in pediatric GBM when they were compared with control tissues or with low-grade tumors. Meanwhile, PHLDA1 and ELAV-like RNA binding protein 1 (ELAV1) showed expression changes in tumors relative to the control. Our data showed many lncRNAs with expression changes in pediatric astrocytoma, which might be involved in the regulation of different signaling pathways.

Reports of children with cancer and COVID-19 from U.S.A and Europe had informed most patients presented with mild disease. Experience from upper and lower middle-income countries is needed to corroborate these findings. This report describes the experience with cancer patients in a tertiary care level hospital, in Mexico City. Of 24 symptomatic patients, 14 had a positive RT-PCR test. Eight required low-flow supplemental oxygen. None required critical care. One patient died due to pulmonary hemorrhage. Even though the infection seems to have an uncomplicated clinical course, it is necessary to ensure that all seeking medical attention do so safely.

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