Nowadays, there is an increasing concern over the presence of contaminants in the aquatic environment, where they can be introduced from wastewater after their incomplete removal in the treatment plants. In this work, degradation of selected emerging pollutants in the aqueous and solid phases of sewage sludge has been investigated after anaerobic digestion using two different digesters: mesophilic and thermophilic. Initially, sludge samples were screened by ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography coupled to quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UHPLC-QTOF MS) for identification of emerging contaminants in the samples. In a second step, a target quantitative method based on LC coupled to tandem MS was applied for selected pollutants identified in the previous screening. The behaviour of the compounds under anaerobic conditions was studied estimating the degradation efficiency and distribution of compounds between both sludge phases. Irbesartan and benzoylecgonine seemed to be notably degraded in both phases of the sludge. Venlafaxine showed a significant concentration decrease in the aqueous phase in parallel to an increase in the solid phase. The majority of the compounds showed an increase of their concentrations in both phases after the digestion. Concentrations in the solid phase were commonly higher than in the aqueous for most contaminants, indicating that they were preferentially adsorbed onto the solid particles.
KeywordsEmerging contaminants; sewage sludge; anaerobic digestion; time-of-flight mass spectrometry; triple quadrupole mass spectrometry.3/28
Este documento presenta una revisión sobre los programas más utilizados para la simulación, diseño y control de plantas de tratamiento de agua residual. Se plantea la posibilidad de utilizar este tipo de herramientas para investigación, ambientes profesionales y de docencia. Este documento recopila el software más utilizado, teniendo en cuenta que estas herramientas permiten mejorar el rendimiento, control y la optimización de las plantas de tratamiento de agua residual.
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