Perturbations in the actions of T3 and T4 influence the normal metabolic pathways. Responsiveness of lipid biomarkers like LDL-C, HDL-C, TC, TG, Apo-A, and Apo-B after rehabilitation of thyroid profile attaining euthyroid state was determined. A total of 179 age-matched subjects of both genders were recruited for this research. Sixty healthy controls, thirty-four subclinical, fifty overt hyperthyroid, and thirty-five follow-up subjects having 3 months of Carbimazole therapy were enrolled. Biochemical analysis was performed by chemistry analyzer, RIA, and ELISA. One-way ANOVA was applied for the statistical analysis, while significance ( P < 0.05 ) of means was compared by the Student-Newman-Keuls (SNK) test. Pronounced reduction ( P < 0.001 ) of cholesterol in overt as compared to control and subclinical was noticed, whereas marked improvement ( P < 0.001 ) was evidenced in follow-up. Prominent elevation ( P < 0.05 ) of TG in follow-up was evidenced as compared to control. Overt presented marked reduction of HDL-C as compared to subclinical and control ( P < 0.01 and P < 0.001 ), respectively. Pronounced elevation ( P < 0.001 ) of HDL-C was evidenced after treatment. Overt presented reduction of LDL-C as compared to subclinical and control ( P < 0.01 and P < 0.05 , respectively). The follow-up group demonstrated considerable ( P < 0.001 ) improvement of LDL-C after treatment and elevation ( P < 0.05 ) as compared to control. Overt presented reduction of Apo-B as compared to subclinical and control ( P < 0.05 and P < 0.001 , respectively). Improvement ( P < 0.05 ) of Apo-B was evidenced in follow-up. Reduction ( P < 0.05 ) of Apo-A in overt as compared to control and elevation ( P < 0.05 ) in follow-up as compared to overt was evidenced. Conclusively, improvement after treatment was evidenced in lipid profile.
To systematically review the potential causes and possible effects of preterm birth [<37 weeks gestational duration]. We searched PubMed, google scholar, clinicaltrials.gov and science direct for English language articles published from 2004 to march 2021. All kinds of study schemes were considered acceptable, comprising case –control, cohort studies, experimental and cross- sectional studies. Significant evidences indicate that social stress, elevated cadmium exposure, genomic variations, vitamin D deficiency, pre-conception hepatitis B infection, declined vaginal microbial community, intrauterine infection, reduction in cervical consistency index, strong exposure of creatinine corrected thallium, systemic autoimmune diseases, ozone, primary traffic air pollutants, road traffic noise, potential exposure of arsenic, HIV exposure, maternal thyroid dysfunction, maternal plasma protein level and COVID-19 exposure in pregnant females are the major risk factors for PTBs. Results of earlier investigations indicated prominent risk of insulin resistance, hypertension, neurological defects, heart failure, Chronic kidney disease, Lung function impairment, lower birth weight, thalamocortical system defects, cancer, altered cardiac phenotype and cardio metabolic diseases in survivors of preterm births. This review will help clinicians to isolate the fundamental etiology and to proactively identify, cope and improve outcomes of at-risk pregnancies.
Background: There are many challenges that people face in their lives. Recently, the whole world was affecting because of a unique virus known as COVID-19 or coronavirus. Objective: To determine the impact of attending online classes on mental health among university students during the COVID-19 pandemic in Lahore. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on 215 undergraduate students who were locked down in their homes during the COVID-19 pandemic and took online classes using the depression, anxiety, stress scale and online learning scale through convenient sampling. The demographics were reduced to numbers, percentages, and frequencies for analysis. The frequency and percentage of occurrence were selected as the presentation formats for qualitative variables. Cross-tabulation was used to see whether online learning was related to depression, anxiety, or stress levels. Results: Among 215 Undergraduate students, 53 (24.7%) were males and 162 (75.3%) were females. While 15 (7.0%) presented with symptoms, the level of depression was moderate among 65 (30.2%), severe 69 (32.1%) and extremely severe 81 (37.7%). Level of anxiety was moderate among 23 (10.7%), severe at 32 (14.9%) and extremely severe at 160 (74.4%) while the level of stress was normal 15 (7.0%), mild at 25 (11.6%), moderate 59(27.4%), severe 71 (33.0%) and extremely severe 45 (20.9%). There was a significant association between online classes and mental health including depression, anxiety and stress as the p-value was 0.029, 0.045 and 0.043 respectively. Conclusion: The level of depression, anxiety and stress was high among undergraduate university students during the COVID-19 pandemic. There was a significant impact of online classes on mental health symptoms including the level of depression, anxiety, and stress. Students taking online classes suffer from poor mental health.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
hi@scite.ai
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.