Group advertisement can help build brands, but dependability is what makes them preceding. If people believe they share values with an organization, they will remain loyal to the particular brand." There is only one boss "the customer" and he can fire everybody in the company, simply investing money somewhere else, he wants. Keeping in mind that costumers are a challenging aspect for organizations, our study aims to contribute in the brand loyalty. There is a rapid increase seen in the needs of brands in the market, now a day. Customers feel good, safe, proud, sophisticated, satisfied and obliged having brands, explained by research. As customers want brands and the main purpose of this research paper was to study the contribution of brand equity, perceived quality, consumer satisfaction, brand commitment, brand credibility, and brand trust for building brand loyalty. Also, present the role of brand loyalty on brand equity. Our study also explains that how can be the customers remain loyal with a brand and what they need in it and what will be the future of all this. A self-administered questionnaire was developed to collect data from randomly selected 200 female consumers of Stylo shoes in Pakistan. We constructed a structural model and tested it. The SPSS analysis was performed in order to check the fit of conceptual model presented. To evaluate the relationship between variables, correlation and regression analysis was also used. The findings of this study demonstrate that all the variables positively and significantly effects brand loyalty. Additionally, the relationship of brand loyalty and brand equity was also seen. This article and its findings have numerous limitations and give directions for future work.

The goal of this study was to investigate the maternal death rate among admitted pregnant patients with SARS-COV-2 during its 4 th wave in Pakistan. It was a cross-sectional analytical study, carried on pregnant patients admitted due to COVID-19, in Sadiq Abbasi Hospital from 15th August to 15 th September, 2021. Thirty-three PCR confirmed and HRCT suggestive patients were included with mean age of 28 ± 4.5 years and mean gestational age of 28.5 ± 6 weeks. Twenty-seven (81%) were non-vaccinated, 22 (66%) were admitted with severe disease, 13 (39.4%) and 11 (33.3%) were on non-invasive and invasive ventilator support, respectively. Only nine (27%) patients could continue their pregnancy. Fifteen (45%) patients had severe oligohydramnios. Twenty-two (66.7%) patients were died, all were unvaccinated. Regression analysis for maternal mortality predicted by severity and vaccination status was significant with R 2

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Aim: Efficacy of Methylprednisolone with Dexamethasone in patients with severe COVID pneumonia in term of clinical and biochemical improvement. Methodology: Cross Sectional analytical study conducted among COVID-19 patients admitted in HDU of Sir Sadiq Hospital, Bahawalpur from May, 2021 to June 2021 after taking approval from institutional ethical committee. 82 patients were included in this study after taking informed consent. Patients were divided into two groups A and B i.e. I/V methyl prednisolone and I/V dexamethasone respectively. Each group was containing 41 patients. Primary outcome was measured in terms of decrease or increase in oxygen demand leading to discharge or shifting to Intensive Care Unit. CRP levels were also measured to assess biochemical improvement. Results: 31 (75.6%) patients from group A and 22(53.7%) from group B were improved and discharged and difference was statistically significant (p<0.05). Number of patients shifted to ICU were 10(24.4%) and 19(46.3%) from A and B groups respectively. Conclusion: In terms of clinical and biochemical response methylprednisolone outperforms dexamethasone. Keywords: Methylprednisolone, Dexamethasone, COVID pneumonia,

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Background COVID-19 is known to be associated to potentially fatal neurological complications; therefore, it is essential to understand the risk factors for its development and the impact they have on the outcome of COVID-19 patients. Aims To determine the risk factors for developing fatal neurological complications and their outcome in hospitalized COVID-19 patients. Material and methods Case control study based on hospitalized patients was conducted from July 15th 2021 to December 15th 2021. Cases and controls were COVID-19 confirmed patients with and without severe neurological manifestations. Age, comorbid conditions, vaccination status, Blood Sugar Random (BSR), D-dimers levels, anticoagulation type and dosage were taken as predictors (exposure variables) for developing neurological complications. In the case-only (subgroup) analysis, 28-day mortality were analyzed using the same predictors including admission hypoxemia. Chi square test and regression model were built to calculate OR with 95%CI. Results Among 383 patients (median age, 56 years [IQR, 24–110]; 49.9% men); 95 had neurological complications (cases) and 288 did not (controls). Development of neurological complications among COVID-19 related hospitalizations was significantly associated with old age >71 yrs. (cases, 23.2%; controls, 13.5%; OR, 3.31; 95% CI, 1.28–8.55), presence of diabetes mellitus (37.9% vs. 24%; OR, 1.9; 95% CI, 1.2–3.1), admission hyperglycemia (BSR 351–600 mg/dl), (29.5% vs. 7.6%; OR, 3.11; 95%CI, 1.54–6.33), raised D-dimer levels 5000–10,000 ng/ml (41% vs. 11.8%; OR, 5.2; 95% CI, 3.02–8.9), prophylactic dose anticoagulation (43.2% vs. 28.1%; OR, 1.9; 95%CI, 1.2–3.1), and unvaccinated status of COVID-19 patients (90.5% vs. 75.6%; OR, 3.01; 95% CI, 1.44–6.25). Neurological complications with COVID-19 were associated with increased likelihood of death or invasive mechanical ventilation by day 28 (86.3% vs. 45.1%; OR, 7.66; 95% CI, 4.08–14.4). In case-only analysis (median age, 56 years [IQR, 27,110]; 50.5% women), 67 (70.5%) had CVE, 21 (22.1%) had Encephalitis, and 7 (7.4%) had GBS as neurological manifestations. 28-day mortality among these patients was strongly associated with a lower likelihood of vaccination. (6.1% cases vs. 30.8% controls; OR, .146; 95%CI, .033- .64), being younger 17–45 yrs. (12.2% vs. 46.2%; OR, .162; 95%CI, .045-.58), having no comorbid condition (19.5% vs. 61.5%; OR, .151; 95%CI, .044- .525), having cerebrovascular events and GBS as type of neurological manifestation (76.8% vs.30.8%; OR, 7.46; 95%CI, 2.06–26.96), (2.4% vs. 38.4%; OR, .04; 95%CI, .007- 0.24) respectively, and presence of hypoxemia at admission (91.5% vs. 15.4%; OR, 58.92; 95%CI, 10.83–320.67). Conclusion Old age, presence of Diabetes Mellitus, unvaccinated status of patients, high BSR at admission, high D-dimers, and prophylactic dose anticoagulation were identifies as increased risk factors for developing serious neurological complications among COVID-19 patients. Neurological problems in COVID-19 patients raised death risk 7.6-fold. The most common neurological complication was cerebrovascular events, followed by encephalitis and GBS. Unvaccinated status, cerebrovascular events, and admission hypoxemia are associated with an increased likelihood of 28-day mortality among these patients.