The electrodeposition process of metals and their alloys is widely used in the automotive, space, electronics, computing, jewelry, and other consumer items industries. Over the years, the search for new coatings with more suitable characteristics for their application led to the use of ionic liquids (ILs) as electrolytic solutions. In addition to having good conductive properties, the growing interest in these solvents has environmental appeal due to their low toxicity. Furthermore, the ability of these electrolytes to dissolve compounds containing less soluble metals makes them potential substitutes for environmentally harmful solvents. In this sense, this review describes the current state and the innovations concerning the electrodeposition of metals and alloys using ILs as electrolytes in the last five years. Metals were classified into five groups (common, light, noble, rare earth, and others), highlighting not only the ability to form a smooth, homogeneous, and anti-corrosive deposit, but also the reactive capacity of metals in hydrogen evolution and catalytic processes.
RESUMO Silanos são compostos organo funcionais utilizados como agentes de acoplamentos entre interfaces orgânicoinorgânicas, com boas propriedades de adesão. Por esta razão, o uso de silanos como pré-tratamento para aços, vem ganhando espaço já que também são geradores de resíduos de menor toxidade ao meio ambiente e à saúde humana. Para melhorar a barreira de proteção do filme de silano e conferir propriedades de autorreparação, esses filmes podem ser modificados com íons cério. Assim, esse trabalho tem como objetivo avaliar a resistência à corrosão do filme de silanoviniltrimetoxisilano (VTMOS) modificado com íons Ce(III) ou íons Ce(IV) aplicado em aço carbono, utilizando a espectroscopia de impedância eletroquímica (EIE), técnica de varredura por eletrodo vibratório (Scanning Vibrating Electrode Technique -SVET), microscopia eletrônica de varredura (MEV) e transformada de Fourier de espectroscopia na região do infravermelho (Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy -FTIR). Os resultados mostraram que os filmes com adição de íons Ce(IV) apresentaram uma melhor resistência à corrosão se comparados aos filmes com íons Ce(III), isto porque o filme formado com a adição de íons Ce(IV) mostrou um melhor efeito barreira devido à uma maior reticulação do filme.
This paper evaluates the effect of adding glycerol to the electrodeposition bath on the deposition efficiency and characteristics of Ni-Mo coating in concentrations ranging from 0.07 to 0.82 mol.L -1 . Evaluation of the corrosion resistance was performed by means of weight loss tests in four different periods of immersion. Electrochemical techniques, such as obtaining polarization curves, linear polarization resistance, corrosion current density, corrosion potential, and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy were applied. Corrosion measurements were obtained in 0.5 mol.L -1 NaCl acid solution and 0.5 mol.L -1 NaOH alkaline solution. The morphology and microstructures of electrodeposited were analyzed using Scanning Electron Microscopy and Spectrometry X-Ray Diffraction. The effect of glycerol on Ni-Mo hardness was evaluated by Vickers microhardness measurements. The presence of glycerol in the electrodeposition bath increased the grain size and decreased the hardness of the coating. However, it promoted the formation of a more compact and less porous coating, increasing the corrosion resistance of the coating. Moreover, the addition of 0.82 mol.L -1 glycerol increases current ef0ficiency, thereby reducing the amount of energy consumed during electroplating.
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