Extremely water-repellent surfaces with low sliding angle
(SA)
have been obtained with a facile single-step sol–gel strategy
via co-condensation of tetraethoxysilane (TEOS) and hexadecyltrimethoxysilane
(HDTMS) in basic media with an efficient self-cleaning property. We
investigated the effect of the molar ratio of HDTMS and TEOS on the
properties of the modified silica-coated poly(ethylene terephthalate)
(PET) film. A high water contact angle (WCA) of 165° and a low
SA of 1.35° were obtained at a molar ratio of 0.125. The dual
roughness pattern for the low SA was developed by a one-step coating
of the modified silica with a molar ratio of 0.125. The evolution
of the surface to the dual roughness pattern by nonequilibrium dynamics
depended on the size and shape factor of modified silica. The primitive
size and the shape factor of the organosilica with a molar ratio of
0.125 were 70 nm and 0.65, respectively. We also presented a new method
to determine the superficial surface friction (ζ) of the superhydrophobic
surface. The ζ was a physical parameter that characterized the
slip and rolling behavior of water droplets on the superhydrophobic
surface along with the equilibrium property WCA and the static frictional
property SA.
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