Background: Resistance to commonly used antimalarial drugs represents the major drawback and obstacle for controlling malaria in endemic countries. Burkina Faso has changed in 2005 its antimalarial drug policy for the treatment of uncomplicated malaria from Chloroquine to Arthemether-Lumefantrine and Amodiaquine + Artesunate. This study aims to compare the in vitro sensitivity of the different ACT components with the results obtained various components of ACTs used in Burkina Faso and current antimalarial drugs after the implementation of effective use of ACT.Methods & Materials: The study was conducted in Bobo Dioulasso from July 2009 to February 2010. Blood samples were collected from patients with a parasitemia between 4000 and 200000 trophozoïtes/l and cultured in presence of antimalarial drug and incubated in 5% CO2 for 48 hours. These patients were treated at the inclusion.Results: A total of 40 blood samples were collected. We obtained, 2.78% resistant isolates to quinine, 6.06% to monodesethyl amodiaquine and 52.94% to chloroquine. The geometric mean IC50 of lumefantrin, dihydroartemisinin and piperaquin were respectively 30.61 nM, 1.31 nM and 8.58 nM. Conclusion:At the end of this study, we conclude that five (05) years after the adoption of policy for use of ACT in the treatment of uncomplicated malaria in Burkina Faso, there is a lower rate of in vitro resistance to quinine. Regarding dihydroartemisinin, there is no great change in the geometric mean IC50 values. And finally, we have a good antiplasmodial activity for monodesethyl amodiaquine, lumefantrin and piperaquin.
Background: Umbilical cord hernia is an uncommon umbilical anomaly which develops during 10th to 12th weeks of gestational age owing to failure of complete bowel return into coelomic cavity. In extremely rare cases appendix is the only trapped organ in hernia sac which may erode the overlying membrane and simulate umbili-cal granuloma. Case Report: Two infants presented with delayed umbilical cord separation with a reddish mass at umbilicus which was initially diagnosed as umbilical granuloma. Surgical exploration on failure of conservative measures revealed it as vermiform appendix. Appendectomy was done in both cases. Conclusion: Vermiform appendix at umbilicus is a rare congenital anomaly and may simulate other pathologies at umbilicus.
Background: The aspects of the epidemiology of bloodstream Candida infections including clinical features, the causal agents, underlying conditions, and risk factors have not been well-defined in Iranian pediatric patients. The aim of this observational study was to identify uncommon Candida species isolated from blood and other normally sterile specimens of the neonates and children admitted to intensive care units at Children's medical center, Tehran, Iran. Methods: The study was carried out prospectively on patients < 16 years, who were hospitalized in Children's medical center, Tehran, Iran, during 25 months, from June 2014 to July 2016. Blood and other normally sterile specimens were collected from 6,075 pediatric patients and only pure growth of yeasts were included the study. The yeast isolates were subjected to DNA extraction, PCR of ITSregion, and sequencing followed by Blast analysis to accurately identify the species. Results: A total of 16 out of 136 isolates were recognized as uncommon or rare Candida species. According to the sequence analysis, these isolates were identified as C. orthopsilosis (N = 5, 3.7%), C. glabrate (n = 4, 2.5%), C. dubliniensis (n = 2, 1.5%), C. lusitaniae (n = 2, 1.5%), C. kefyr (n = 2, 1.5%), and C. intermedia (n = 1, 0.75%) Conclusions: Candida species, which were once considered harmless, have now been recognized as causative agents of candidemia. It is essential to consider, manage, and control the conditions that lead to the development of these unusual but severe cases of candidemia.
Background: There are various techniques for treatment of proximal hypospadias disease.Surgical correction is often associated with complications. Proximal hypospadias can be repaired by Duckett or Bracka two-stage repair procedure. This study was to evaluate the outcomes, complications and long term follow-up of these two techniques in our referral hospital. Methods: From January 2006 to January 2015 totally 1550 cases of hypospadias were diagnosed in our hospital, of which 164 patients with high type hypospadias underwent Duckett (78 cases) and modified Bracka (86 cases) surgical repair procedures. Sufficient data were analyzed for age at operation, type of pathology, chordee type, number of operations, complications, outcomes and follow-up.
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