Objective: Indians are more likely to develop metabolic syndrome (MetS). The additive predictive value of MetS components for cardiovascular disease is still under debate. The current study aimed to study the risk factors associated with MetS in coronary artery disease (CAD) patients. Methods: This retrospective study was conducted in the Department of Biochemistry in collaboration with the Department of Medicine, Noida International Institute of Medical Sciences, Gautam Buddha Nagar, Up on 100 patients already diagnosed with CAD, attending medicine OPD and IPD. Anthropometric measurements, and estimation of fasting blood glucose, high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol, and triglycerides were done. MetS prevalence was estimated as per the guidelines of NCEP ATP III. Results: In our study, we observed a high incidence of MetS in patients with CAD. MetS was diagnosed, gender-wise distribution resulted in 62% in females and 48% in males. Risk factors for MetS in CAD patients were highly significant with increasing age, sedentary lifestyle, and diabetes. Waist circumference, fasting blood glucose levels, and triacylglycerol were found to have a significant *p<0.001 value with MetS in CAD patients. Conclusions: The current study found a strong link between MetS and its risk factors in CAD patients. Thus, the assessment of MetS and its components might help identify people at a higher risk of advancing CAD in the future. Hence, effective MetS management may significantly reduce morbidity and mortality due to CAD.
Objective: Evidence from research suggests that human factors and the road environment are among the most frequent contributors to the occurrence of road traffic accidents (RTAs). Hence, traffic rule and various policies, alike have strengthened their efforts to cope with this public health burden. Yet, still little is known about the factors contributing to the high number of RTAs. In this study, we tried to find out the various risk factors responsible for road accidents in the Punjab region. Methods: The present study was conducted in Guru Nanak Dev Hospital, Amritsar, involving 1425 patients who were admitted to the Emergency Department from January 1st, 2012, to December 31st, 2012, due to injuries in RTAs. Results: In our study, it seems that most of the cases were in the age group of 15–44 years. In all the age groups, males were the predominant victims with male-to-female ratio of 5.72:1. Majority of cases belonged to an upper–lower socioeconomic group, according to the Kuppuswamy scale and the major proportion of accidents occurred during the morning and evening busy hours of the day hours. Out of a total of 893 drivers, 858 (96.08%) had no knowledge about the speed limit prescribed for the road or speed. Conclusion: There appears to be a large number of behavioral issues and a lack of knowledge that contributes significantly to the road accident rates in the Indian states. Hence, there is a need for policy intervention. Most effective measures used to reduce the number of accidents, in descending order of magnitude, are how strictly the traffic police enforce the law, more levels of penalties, and more traffic police, including more speed measuring devices.
Objective: Several studies indicate the existence of an abnormal balance between the oxidative and protective mechanisms in patients can be a causative factor for cerebrovascular disease. High plasma levels of angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) contribute to the development of vascular diseases. Serum ACE and antioxidant levels were determined in cerebrovascular disorders (CVD) and compared between CVD and healthy person. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on 50 cases of stroke and 10 cases of transient ischemic attack (TIA) with 60 controls matched for age and sex. Fasting blood samples were estimated for serum angiotensin-converting enzyme, serum lipid profile, MDA, SOD, and serum Vitamin E). ACE was estimated by spectrophotometry. The levels of ACE were correlated with the severity and outcome of the stroke. Results: The level of serum ACE was significantly higher in stroke (27.50±1.14U/L) and TIA (31.60±2.02 U/L) as compared to controls (22.61±0.79 U/L). Fasting blood sugar, total cholesterol, triglycerides, LDL cholesterol, and MDA were significantly increased whereas a significant decrease was observed in serum HDL, erythrocyte SOD, and Vitamin E levels in cerebrovascular disease patients as compared to the control group. Statistical p<0.05 was considered significant. Conclusion: Oxidative stress is a potential contributor to acute ischemic stroke and TIA besides deranged lipid profile. The oxidant-antioxidant imbalance may contribute to the severity of stroke. The levels of serum ACE increase significantly in stroke and TIA patients and are associated with increased severity and worse outcome of cerebrovascular diseases.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
hi@scite.ai
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.