While operating a locomotive or a railcar the engine drivers are exposed to the action of several simultaneous factors of disturbances from the traffic environment, and therefore their reliability and safety are reduced. The human-determined physical, sensor and cognitive factors are not only the attributes of the engine driver, but also include influences from the traffic environment, due to the interaction in the “engine driver – traffic means – traffic environment” system. Traffic environment is defined in such a way that, among other things, it includes also the working environment of the drivers cab and the recent traffic situation. The action of factors of temporary subjective disturbances and/or permanent psychological and physiological changes, depend not only on the individual endurance of engine drivers, but also significantly on the type of locomotive or railcar operated by the engine driver, as well as on the fact whether the traffic is intended for the transport of passengers and/or freight, or a shunting engine is involved. The ergo-assessment based on a survey of 50 respondents yielded the final results that are almost identical to the results of ergo-assessment obtained during the formation of the methodology of cognitive ergo-assessment on a sample of 31 respondents. In both cases the surveyed respondents were engine drivers who in practice operate all types of locomotives and railcars, who have acquired engine driver secondary school qualifications and have passed vocational testing for all types of locomotives and railcars. Systemic ergo-assessment of the intensity of the overall psychophysical effort is possible by introducing the index of importance which is used in case of all engine drivers to integrally and equally recognise also the influence of the percentage of occurrence of a certain factor of subjective disturbance and influence of the average assessment of the subjective disturbance intensity, thus allowing an insight into the structure of a system of simultaneous ergo-assessment factors and isolation of ten dominant ergo-assessment factors. Partial cognitive ergo-assessment and inter-comparison of the intensity of subjective disturbances have indicated the types of locomotives and/or railcar compositions in which the maximum partial intensity of disturbance is due to the following factors regarding the working ambient of the drivers cab: visibility, intensity of the difficulty of operation, and intensity of disturbance of the audible traffic noise. KEY WORDS: traffic environment, cognitive ergo-assessment, dominant factors of subjective disturbances, assessment parameters, safety and reliability
Original scientific paper Frequently used commands on the locomotive or railcar control panel need to be arranged mainly within the normal reach of the arm, using multi-purpose controllers for serving several important and frequently used functions by one hand, whenever possible. From the measured anthropometric measures in the central 90 % from the sufficient and random sample of 50 engine drivers the range of normal and maximal reach of arm has been defined using statistical methods for the entire population in Croatia. The ranges of statistical anthrompometric measures of the engine drivers are the constitutional factors from the group "human factor", and according to Fuller TCI model "task requirement -driver's capability" affect the difficulty of the task during driving. The correlation dependence of lumbar moment Ml on the index of mass BMI has been proven in the hypothetically most unfavourable statistical seating working position, and based on the really measured statistical anthropometric measures. Keywords: anthropometric measures; central 90 %; engine drivers; human factor; normal and maximal reach of arm; task difficultyAntropomjere bitne za dizajn upravljačke ploče u lokomotivi ili motornoj garnituri Izvorni znanstveni članak Često korištene komande na upravljačkoj ploči lokomotive ili motorne garniture potrebno je rasporediti pretežito unutar normalnog dosega ruku, uz korištenje višenamjenskih kontrolera za posluživanje više bitnih i često korištenih funkcija jednom rukom, kada god je to moguće. Iz izmjerenih antropomjera u središnjih 90 % od dovoljnog i slučajnog uzorka od 50 strojovođa statističkim metodama definiran je raspon normalnog i maksimalnog dosega ruku za cijelu populaciju u RH. Rasponi statičkih antropomjera strojovođa su konstitucijski čimbenici iz grupe "ljudskog faktora", a prema Fullerovom TCI modelu "zahtjev zadaće-sposobnost vozača" utječu na težinu zadaće tijekom vožnje. Dokazana je korelacijska ovisnost lumbalnog momenta Ml o indeksu tjelesne mase ITM u hipotetski najnepovoljnijem statičkom sjedećem radnom položaju, a na temelju stvarno izmjerenih statičkih antropomjera.Ključne riječi: antropomjere; ljudski faktor; normalni i maksimalni doseg ruku; središnjih 90 %; strojovođe; težina zadaće
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