Case 1.-A male patient, age 28, complained of symptomless haematuria of moderate severity which had recurred on several occasions during a period of three months.ON EXAMINATION.-The bladder was healthy in every respect save that around the left ureteric orifice were three naevoid patches. They were purplish in colour and consisted of small venous dilatations which projected but little into the bladder. Three groups were seen. The uppermost, about the size of a sixpence, lay above the ureteric orifice, and through the middle of it ran two normal-looking forked blood-vessels of redder colour, apparently arteries. Two smaller groups, each about the size of a pea, lay below the ureteric orifice. All these areas were cauterized with the high-frequency current and the symptoms disappeared. There was no pathological confirmation.The position of these naevi was similar to that occupied by the submucous haematomata of a descending ureteric stone. Symptoms of such a condition had been absent, and the appearance of the lesions did not suggest a submucous haematoma, as they were purplish in colour and covered with healthy mucosa, whilst the individual vessels could be clearly identified. They were observed on two occasions several weeks apart and the appearance was identical a t each examination, which would not have been the case had they represented a temporary lesion. After cauterization they almost entirely disappeared. This cystoscopic appearance was figured by me in my handbook on cystoscopy.' Case 2.-A male, age 14, was admitted to the Pendlebury Children's Hospital suffering from haematuria, and was transferred to the urological service at the Royal Hospital in July, 1928. Haematuria had occurred a t intervals of two to four months since birth, pain on micturition having developed recently. FAMILY HISToRY.-The patient came of a healthy family, and no urinary disorders were reported. PERSONAL HIsTonY.-He had suffered from diphtheria, scarlet fever, measles, and chicken-pox. He had a congenital dislocation of the right hip, with a false joint ; over this an abscess developed and was incised a t the Children's Hospital. Movements of the hip were good up to a right angle, and the hip could be slightly abducted ; there was two inches of shortening.The tongue was slightly coated and the teeth were carious ; heart and lungs were normal. Examination of the abdomen showed no abnormality, and the kidneys could not be palpated. There was a severe degree of what appeared to be internal haemorrhoids. In the left scrotum a venous mass was palpated which felt like an ordinary varicocele.The right testicle was about the size of a pea, but was in the normal position ; it had apparently no testicular sensibility.On the dorsurn and lateral aspects of the glans penis the submucous vessels were diffusely dilated, suggesting a cavernous angioma. On the dorsum of the penis itself was a firm plaque of slightly purplish colour the size of a small almond which occupied the subcutaneous tissue. On the outer side of the right thigh were two lar...