A new aromadendrane sesquiterpene, allo-aromadendrane-10alpha, 14-diol (3), was isolated from Chisocheton penduliflorus (Meliaceae), along with two known sesquiterpenes: allo-aromadendrane-10beta, 14-diol (2) and allo-aromadendrane-10beta, 13, 14-triol (7). Six dammarane triterpenoids, including cabraleadiol (1), eichlerialactone (4), cabraleahydroxylactone (5), cabralealactone (6), hollongdione (8) and dammaradienone (9), the coumarins scoparone and scopoletin, and vanillic acid were also isolated from the wood and leaves of this plant. Compounds 1-7 displayed antimycobacterial activity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Compounds 1, 4, 5 and 6 were weakly cytotoxic to a breast cancer (BC) cell line; whereas, compound 6 was moderately active against a small-cell lung cancer (NCI-H187) cell line.
From the fruits and leaves of Aglaia erythrosperma (Meliaceae), 10 chemical constituents were isolated and identified, i.e. the dammarane triterpenoids cabraleadiol (1), cabraleahydroxylactone (2), ethyl eichlerianoate (3), eichlerialactone (4), aglinin A (5), cabralealactone (6), the aglaialactone 5,6-desmethylenedioxy-5-methoxy-aglalactone (7), the flavagline 4'-demethoxy-3',4'-methylenedioxy-methyl rocaglate (8) and two coumarins: scoparone and scopoletin. Flavagline 8 exhibited antimalarial activity with an IC(50) value of 7.30 µg mL(-1) and was strongly cytotoxic against small cell lung cancer (NCI-H187), epidermoid carcinoma (KB) and breast cancer (BC) cell lines, with IC(50) values of 2.17, 2.10 and 0.11 µg mL(-1), respectively. Aglinin A (5) displayed moderate cytotoxicity against all the three cancer cell lines, whereas ethyl eichlerianoate (3), cabralealactone (6) and the aglaialactone 7 were exclusively cytotoxic to NCI-H187 cell line. Cabraleahydroxylactone (2) showed antiviral activity against herpes simplex virus type-1 with an IC(50) value of 3.20 µg mL(-1), in comparison with the standard acyclovir (IC(50) = 1.90 µg mL(-1)). When tested for antimycobacterial activity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis H(37)Ra, compounds 1-4 and 6-8 displayed minimum inhibitory concentration in the range of 25-50 µg mL(-1).
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