BACKGROUND: Brazil is facing increasing cycles of numbers of infected people and deaths resulting from coronavirus disease 2019 . This situation involves a series of factors, including the behavior of the population, that can be decisive for controlling the disease. OBJECTIVE: To determine the knowledge, attitudes and practices of the Brazilian population regarding COVID-19. DESIGN AND SETTING: Cross-sectional survey-type study, conducted using a population sample from different Brazilian states. METHODS: A quantitative, descriptive and analytical approach was used. Sampling was done according to convenience and via snowballing. The data collection instrument was a knowledge, attitudes and practices system. RESULTS: 1,655 people from all over Brazil participated in the survey; 80% were living in the southern region and 70.15% were female. More than 90% had knowledge and good attitudes relating to the means of transmission, preventive care and symptoms associated with COVID-19, although their knowledge and attitudes were not fully reflected in daily practices, for which there was lower adherence (80%). Greater knowledge was correlated with older participants, larger number of children, female sex and marital status; better attitude, with female sex and complete higher education; and better practices, with greater age, larger number of children and female sex. CONCLUSION: A large part of the population has general knowledge about COVID-19, but not all knowledge was applied in practice. Older people, females and university graduates stood out as the best informed and most committed to controlling the disease.
RESUMO:Os desenvolvimentos físico, intelectual, social e psicológico da criança acontecem na primeira etapa da sua vida, na educação infantil, a qual é oferecida em creches e pré-escolas. Esse ambiente tem sido muito procurado com a entrada da mulher no mercado de trabalho, associado à urbanização. O convívio das crianças as torna expostas a contaminantes externos. As creches têm sido uma grande fonte de pesquisa, por ser um ambiente coletivo e proporcionar uma grande circulação de patógenos infecciosos. Hábitos como levar as mãos e objetos à boca são muito comuns nas crianças, juntamente com a falta da prática de lavar as mãos e outros hábitos de higiene, o que facilita a contaminação. Os microrganismos envolvidos em infecções são principalmente bactérias, fungos, vírus e protozoários. Esses organismos podem ser encontrados em diferentes lugares, podendo ser eles ambientes escolares, banheiros, cantinas, entre outros. O objetivo desse trabalho foi avaliar a presença de bactérias e fungos em lápis de cor utilizados comunitariamente na creche e pré-escola pública do município de Bom Jesus-SC. Os métodos utilizados para a pesquisa foram vários, incluindo coleta com swab, coloração de Gram, catalase, urease, fermentação de glicose, formação de H2S, hemólise, motilidade e micromorfologia em lâmina. As identificações resultaram na presença de dois tipos de fungos e também duas bactérias. Apesar de pouco virulentos, o achado desses microrganismos prova que esses utensílios de uso comum podem ser veículos pra a transmissão de patógenos.
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