Aim To investigate the effects of liver fibrosis (LF) on the pro-inflammatory mediators and periapical bone resorption of apical periodontitis (AP) in rats. Methodology Forty male Wistar rats were distributed into four groups: Ccontrol, APrats with AP, LFrats with LF, AP + LFrats with AP and LF. LF was induced by carbon tetrachloride administration for 8 weeks and surgical bile duct ligation for 4 weeks; AP was induced in the teeth of rats by dental pulp exposure to the oral environment for 30 days. Jaws and livers were removed after euthanasia. Haematoxylin and Eosin (H&E) and Picrosirius Red (PSR) staining were used to confirm fibrosis in the livers. The jaws were analysed using H&E staining, immunohistochemical assays of interleukin (IL)-1b, IL-6 and tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-a). Student's t-test and Mann-Whitney's U-test were used for statistical analysis (P < 0.05). Results Inflammatory infiltrate was moderate in the AP group and severe in the AP + LF group (P < 0.05). Periapical bone resorption was significantly larger in the AP + LF group compared with the AP group (P < 0.05). IL-1b, IL-6 and TNF-a levels were significantly higher in AP + LF group when compared to the AP group (P < 0.05). Conclusion More intense inflammatory infiltrate, greater amounts of pro-inflammatory cytokines and increased periapical bone resorption were observed in the presence of liver fibrosis in rats with exposed pulps.
Confinement of dairy cows in Brazil is significant, with the compost badded pack barn being the most used model, generating a large amount of good quality organic compost that can be used as a fertilizer in the pastures of the farms, reducing the use of industrialized fertilizers and mitigating the environmental impacts of dairy activity. An experiment was carried out in pots under greenhouse conditions to evaluate the effect of compost doses on the production, morphology and chemical-bromatological characteristics of Urochloa brizantha cv. Marandu A completely randomized design with 3 replications and 6 treatments consisting of 6 doses of the compost: 0; 50; 10; 20; 40 and 80 g.vaso-1. Increasing compost doses resulted in higher dry matter yield, higher tillers density and higher potassium and phosphorus contents in the forage. Dairy cow compost can be used for pasture fertilization, partially replacing industrialized fertilizers.
A revegetação de áreas degradadas, com comprometimento edáfico e ausência de vegetação, precisa ser precedida por ações que melhorem as características edáficas e assim dar condições ao pleno desenvolvimento das culturas. A espécie Xylopia aromatica, conhecida popularmente como pimenta-de-macaco ocorre no Cerrado e vem sendo utilizada na revegetação de áreas degradadas. Assim, o objetivo com esta pesquisa foi avaliar o crescimento inicial e o estado nutricional de mudas de X. aromatica, introduzidas em área em recuperação, condicionada com macrófitas aquáticas (RO) e cinza do bagaço da cana-de-açúcar (RA), e comparar a mudas da mesma espécie encontradas em Cerrado conservado (CER), para identificação do potencial da espécie na recuperação de áreas degradadas. O estudo foi conduzido em área de supressão da vegetação e dos horizontes superficiais (horizontes A e B) do solo. Na área experimental foram adicionados os resíduos RO e RA em diferentes doses. Mudas de 10 espécies arbóreas de cerrado foram introduzidas na área, entre elas, a X. aromatica. Transcorrido um ano, avaliou-se seu estado nutricional. As mudas na área em recuperação apresentaram teores foliares semelhantes aos das mudas do CER para K, Ca, Mg, B e Mn, e superior para Cu, Fe e Zn. O solo da área experimental apresentou semelhanças ao solo do CER, porém ainda demanda ajustes nos teores de P e matéria orgânica. O crescimento da X. aromatica apresentou melhor resposta no tratamento com 32 t ha-1 de macrófitas e 30 t ha-1 de cinza, doses indicadas para obtenção dos melhores resultados.
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