The aim of our research consisted in checking the influence of the mental coaching using the mental imagery and relaxation based on cardiac coherence, on the improvement of the cognitive, emotional and behavioural reactions of the Tunisian karate Elite at school age. Our study was about to check if the Tunisian karate Elite at school age who had undergone a mental coaching has a better mental profile than their counterparts of other sporting disciplines and karate players with usual training method. Our sample consisted on an experimental group (N = 24 athletes) and control group (N = 22 athletes), all aged from 16 to 19 years. The experimental group followed for 10 months a psychological and mental coaching. The control group continued to train normally for the same period of time. To assess the mental skills of the participants, we used the OMSAT-3 (Guelmami et al., 2014). Our study showed that a 10 month mental coaching was needed to improve 4 mental skills, i.e. "goal setting" "relaxation", "imagery" and "mental practices". Our findings sustained the importance of a three-dimensional mental coaching in relation to one basic skill (goal setting), a psychosomatic skill (relaxation) and two cognitive skills (imagery and mental practice).
Dans un contexte de confinement, jusqu’à quel point est-il possible d’enseigner en mode synchrone des apprentissages physiques, moteurs ou affectifs ? Une question fermée, dont les réponses étaient encodées sur une échelle de Lickert en quatre points a permis de mesurer la perception des acteurs sociaux engagés dans les développements physiques, moteurs et affectifs des participants. L’échantillon était composé de 102 acteurs sociaux sportifs, originaires du Maroc ou de l’Algérie âgés entre 9 et 64 ans. Les acteurs étaient des formateurs, des administrateurs, des pratiquants ou des parents. La question a fait l’objet d’une analyse de variance selon trois variables nominales (genre, statut, pays) et d’une corrélation de Pearson entre l’âge des acteurs sociaux et les trois types de développement souhaités. Il apparait que les développement physiques et affectifs sont perçus significativement plus difficile à évaluer par les acteurs sociaux marocains que par leurs homologues algériens. L’effet du genre n’est significatif que pour l’évaluation du développement affectif en faveur du genre féminin. Par contre, l’effet du statut de l’acteur social n’est significatif ni pour le développement physique, ni pour le développement moteur ni pour le développement affectif. Enfin, les ‘jeunes’ acteurs sociaux perçoivent moins difficile d’enseigner en mode synchrone les APS, mais la corrélation est plutôt faible (R= - 0,22*). Quelques hypothèses d’action sont envisagées pour faire face aux défis didactiques que posent ce type particulier d’enseignement en situation de confinement.
Our study comes in keeping with the impetus of the works that brought out the significant effects of the APSA practice on the global self-esteem and on the perceived physical value by the Spinal and Cord injured (Dias, Gerrnigon, & Ninot, 2009). It proposes, in a comparative perspective, to assess the effect of the practice of an individual sport versus a team sport on auditory, temporal, spatial and perceptual abilities as well as on the self-esteem in motor disabled persons. In other words, can these perceptual abilities and the self-esteem be regarded as acquirable skills among the motor disabled? The sample of our study consists of 112 able-bodied and tetraplegic subjects, and all of them are males, aged 18 -24 years (M = 19.97) and divided into 5 groups: 4 experimental groups (N1: 18 motor disabled basketball players; N2: 23 motor disabled athletes; N3: 20 able-bodied basketball players; and N4: 20 able-bodied athletes) and a sample group (NT = 31). 3 tests measured the auditory perception (Legent, Bordure, Calais, & Malard, 2002), the time perception (Parlebas, 1986) and finally the space perception (Nyabenda, Briart, Deggouj, & Gersdorff, 2003). As for the self-esteem, it was measured by a PSD Questionnaire (Marsh & Yeung, 1998). It appears that the practice of team sport contributes more to the development of the auditory perception among the motor disabled persons. The difference between groups of motor disabled basketball players and motor disabled athletes was very significant. Test results in the perception of time and distance show a significant difference in favour of the motor disabled practitioners compared to the motor disabled practitioners. Moreover, the practice of a team or of an individual sport contributes more efficiently to 320the development of these two perceptual abilities, especially in the athletes with motor disability. Finally, the self-esteem is higher among the basketball players with motor disability. This study proposes an interesting hypothesis action to the sport interveners since it demonstrates that the practice of sport, as a socio-motor game, contributes to a better development of the self-esteem than as a psychomotor game among subjects with motor disability.
The use of structural equation models (SEM) in scientific research perform a promising methodological and empirical direction to validate the measurement of psychological constructs. The aim of this paper is to validate the measurement of mental toughness of athletes and non-athletes with SEM. The sample consisted of 853 Tunisian participants (444 males and 409 females; 409 athletes and 444 non-athletes), aged 14 to 27 years (M=20.38 SD=4.12). The sample completed the Arabic translated questionnaire of Clough, Earle [1] which measures six components of their mental toughness. The SEM approved a good model fit (χ²=1146.33; df =1065; CFI=.93; SRMR=.063; RMSEA=.009) which allows for a valid Arabic-speaking measure of the six components of mental toughness.
This study aimed to assess the validity and reliability of the mental component summary (MCS) and physical component summary (PCS) of SF-12. 140 Iranian elderly aged 60 years and older from the general population (100 male vs 40 female) of the Shiraz city were recruited by convenient sampling. The questionnaire on quality of life (SF-12, two dimensions: the physical component α = 0.68; and the mental component α = 0.71) was used to collect the data analyzed with the AMOS software. According to the structural equation model (SEM), four subscales of SF-12 (emotional role, social function, vitality and mental health) can predict mental component summary (respectively: coefficient = 0.65, 0.57, 0.78 and 0.90) and four subscales of SF-12 (general health, physical function, bodily pain and physical role) can predict physical component summary (respectively: coefficient = 0.58, 0.70, 0.74 and 0.88). The goodness-of-fit indices showed that the model for predicting mental and physical components in the elderly was excellent (X2 / df = 1.61, RMSEA= 0.07, CFI = 0.96 and NFI=0.92).
The objective of the present study is to analyze four metric qualities of an assessment grid for internship placements used by professionals to evaluate a sample of 110 Franco-Ontarian student interns registered between 2006 and 2009 at Laurentian University in the School of Human Kinetics. The evaluation grid was composed of 26 criteria. The four metric qualities that were analyzed were: the degree of difficulty, the degree of discrimination, the internal consistency, and the concurrent validity. Each intern’s performance was assessed by three individuals: the professional supervisor, the intern (self-assessment) and the university professor who coordinates the internship placement. The analysis of the three assessments based on the Education Testing Service Method indicates that the assessment of the professional supervisors and intern self-assessment are too high (difficulty index, pi = 20) and produced a discrimination power of zero between the interns (discrimination index, Di = 0). The analysis of the internal consistency of the criteria indicates that a number are too highly interrelated (Cronbach’s alpha = 0.97) and that ten criteria can be removed from the evaluation grid, as they are redundant. Concurrent validity, determined by calculating three correlations between the three dimensions of the evaluation grid (before, during, and after the teaching session) and the overall rating of the intern, was demonstrated insofar as the lowest correlation between the assessment of the intern’s performance and the measurement criterion (overall rating of the intern’s performance) was significant (r (106) = .76, p < .001).L'objectif de la présente étude est d'analyser quatre qualités métriques de l'évaluation d’un échantillon de 110 étudiants stagiaires franco-ontariens inscrits entre 2006 et 2009 à l'Université Laurentienne à l'École des sciences de l'activité physique. La grille d'évaluation était composée de 26 critères. Les quatre qualités métriques sont: le degré de difficulté, le degré de discrimination, la consistance interne et la validité concomitante des critères. Les stages ont été évalués par trois personnes: le superviseur de stage, le stagiaire (auto-évaluation) et le professeur d'université qui coordonne le stage. L'analyse des items selon la méthode ETS (Educational testing service) indique que les évaluations des superviseurs de stage et l’auto-évaluation des stagiaires sont trop élevées (indice de difficulté, pi = 20) et ne sont pas discriminantes (indice de discrimination Di = 0). L'analyse de la consistance interne des critères indique qu'un certain nombre sont trop fortement corrélées entre eux (coefficient alpha de Cronbach = 0,97) et que dix critères peuvent être retirés de la grille d'évaluation car ils sont redondants. La validité concomitante, déterminée par le calcul de trois corrélations entre les trois dimensions de la grille d'évaluation (avant, pendant, et après la session d'enseignement) et la note globale du stagiaire, a été démontrée dans la mesure où la plus faible corrélation ent...
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