Distance-balanced graphs are introduced as graphs in which every edge uv has the following property: The number of vertices closer to u than to v is equal to the number of vertices closer to v than to u. Basic properties of these graphs are obtained. The new concept is connected with symmetry conditions in graphs and local operations on graphs are studied with respect to it. Distance-balanced Cartesian and lexicographic products of graphs are also characterized. Several open problems are posed along the way.

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Over the past decades, plagiarism has been classified as a multi-layer phenomenon of dishonesty that occurs in higher education. A number of research papers have identified a host of factors such as gender, socialisation, efficiency gain, motivation for study, methodological uncertainties or easy access to electronic information via the Internet and new technologies, as reasons driving plagiarism. The paper at hand examines whether such factors are still effective and if there are any differences between German and Slovene students’ factors influencing plagiarism. A quantitative paper-and-pencil survey was carried out in Germany and Slovenia in 2017/2018 academic year, with a sample of 485 students from higher education institutions. The major findings of this research reveal that easy access to information-communication technologies and the Web is the main reason driving plagiarism. In that regard, there are no significant differences between German and Slovene students in terms of personal factors such as gender, motivation for study, and socialisation. In this sense, digitalisation and the Web outrank national borders.

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