A scoring system combining clinical history and simple ultrasound parameters was developed to predict early pregnancy viability beyond the first trimester. The scoring system has not yet been externally validated. This study aimed to externally validate this scoring system to predict ongoing pregnancy viability beyond the first trimester. Methods: This prospective observational cohort study enrolled women with singleton intrauterine pregnancies before 12 weeks of gestation. Women underwent examination and ultrasound scan to assess gestational sac size, yolk sac size, and fetal pulsation status. A pregnancy-specific viability score was derived in accordance with the Bottomley score. Pregnancy outcomes at 13 to 16 weeks were documented. Receiver-operating characteristic curve analysis was used to assess the discriminatory performance of the scoring system. Results: In total, 1508 women were enrolled; 1271 were eligible for analysis. After adjustment for covariates, miscarriage (13%) was significantly associated with age ≥35 years (odds ratio [OR]=1.99, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.19-3.34), higher bleeding score (OR=2.34, 95% CI: 1.25-4.38),
The Uterine Fibroid Symptom and Health-related Quality of Life (UFS-QOL) questionnaire is a validated tool in English language to assess treatment outcomes for women with fibroids. We performed a Chinese (traditional) translation and cultural adaptation of it and evaluated its reliability, validity, and responsiveness. Methods: Overall, 223 Chinese women aged ≥18 years with uterine fibroids self-administered the UFS-QOL, Short-Form Health Survey-12, pictorial blood loss assessment chart (PBAC), and a visual analogue scale (VAS) on fibroid-related symptom severity. Demographics and haemoglobin levels were recorded; physical examination and ultrasound for size of fibroids were performed. Half of the women were followed up 6 months later for responsiveness. Results: Cronbach's alpha coefficients ranged from 0.706 to 0.937, demonstrating high internal reliability. The intra-class correlation coefficients to measure test-retest reliability implied excellent stability of symptom scores (0.819, P<0.001), healthrelated quality of life scores (0.897, P<0.001), and all subscales (range 0.721-0.870, P<0.001). Convergent validity was demonstrated by positive correlations
Objectives:To study the possible association between size of subchorionic hematoma (SH) and first trimester pregnancy outcome. Methods: This is a part of an early pregnancy prediction model validation study in Chinese women. Women with singleton pregnancies of gestational age (GA) between 5-13 weeks documented presence of an SH on transvaginal ultrasound scan were recruited. The intrauterine gestational sac (GS) and SH diameters were recorded. The size of SH was defined on SH:GS mean diameter ratio and categorised into large (> 0.5), medium (0.2-0.5) and small (< 0.2). Other maternal factors such as maternal age, body mass index (BMI), GA at diagnosis of SH, vaginal bleeding and abdominal pain were also recorded. Chi-square test and independent sample t-test were used for statistical analysis. Results: 144 women were found to have SH; and pregnancy outcome of all women were available. 127 (88.2%) women resulted in a normal viable pregnancy while the other 17 (11.8%) women had spontaneous miscarriage at the end of their first trimester. Overall, 70 (48.6%), 63 (43.8%) and 11 (7.6%) women were of large, medium and small SH group respectively. The number of women with first trimester miscarriage significantly increased with the size of SH (large vs. medium vs. small SH, 13 (18.6%) vs. 4 (6.3%) vs. 0 (0%) respectively, P = 0.04). There was no statistical significant difference of maternal factors among SH groups, except for the significantly smaller GA at diagnosis in the large SH group (51.7 ± 9.4 days) compared to that in the medium SH (58.8 ± 10.3 days, P < 0.005) and small SH groups (58.6 ± 9.7 days, P = 0.025). Conclusions:The relative size of SH with GS significantly associates with the first trimester pregnancy outcome in Chinese women. Large SH is easier to be found at earlier stage of the first trimester and leads to greater risk of miscarriage. Further workup on a larger sample size is needed to investigate the possible implementation of SH complication as a factor into the early pregnancy prediction scoring system.
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