In this study, 15 male subjects performed a central visual acuity task (Landolt ring detections) and a peripheral light detection task during what they thought to be a 60-ft. dive in a pressure chamber. There was no actual pressure change. A 15-man control group performed the same tasks at an outside location. Experimental measures included a posttest anxiety checklist and continuous heart rate recording. The chamber group showed significantly higher anxiety scores and also a significantly higher heart rate throughout the experiment. There was no difference between the groups with regard to correct Landolt detections, although the chamber group responded somewhat slower. Peripheral detection, however, was severely and significantly degraded in the chamber group. It was concluded that perceptual narrowing had been demonstrated as a result of psychological stress associated with exposure to the “dangerous” pressure-chamber.
The President's Council of Advisors on Science and Technology report in 2010 stated that there is a large interest in the achievement gap among underrepresented groups, especially women, in STEM fields. To alleviate these shortcomings, the National Science Foundation has been leading the efforts to increase the enrollment of minorities in these fields and reduce these gaps. Other federal agencies have also joined the efforts, since the National Academy of Science in 2007 warned that the eroding scientific base of the nation puts the United States at a disadvantage with regards to other nations. This paper deals with reflections on how to successfully implement a university STEM scholarship program to attain the simultaneous goals of increasing STEM enrollment and increasing diversity in the STEM fields. In particular, this paper highlights the necessity of strong and broad-based (peers, faculty, and industrial) mentors. Initial results are encouraging with regards to STEM scholarship student retention.
Introduction: The primary purpose of this research is to investigate the adoption process of mobile smoking cessation apps for Korean American smokers with the eventual purpose of proposing a new combined model of smartphone smoking cessation adoption. Methods: From September 2018 to March 2019, a total of 227 Korean American smokers responded to surveys regarding the effectiveness of mobile applications for smoking cessation. A path analysis was used to analyze the predictors of adopting and using smoking cessation applications available via smartphones. Results: Perceived benefits and self-efficacy were important factors for influencing the perceived usefulness of a smoking cessation mobile app. Moreover, the perceived usefulness of a smoking cessation mobile app was also positively related to intention to use a smoking cessation mobile app. Conclusion: Although mobile smoking cessation apps can help many individuals quit smoking, most Korean American smokers are not current users of smoking cessation mobile apps. Therefore, there is a strong need to use strategic evidence-based communication interventions for promoting the widespread adoption of smoking cessation applications.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.