This article explores bullying behaviours in nursing in the United Kingdom and other countries, why it happens and suggests actions to prevent or combat it. Bullying involves intentional and repeated psychological violence humiliating and isolating staff from colleagues. Current literature reports that 20-25% of nursing staff experience bullying behaviour.  There needs to be a zero tolerance and prompt action by colleagues and managers to combat and eradicate bullying behaviours in nursing

Background:There were 509,090 deaths recorded in England and Wales for 2008 (ONS, 2010).Of these numbers over 56% (260,000) occurred in National Health Service Hospitals, This shows the large numbers of people dying each year in hospitals. The death of a patient is an event which most if not all nursing staff will encounter during their work.This experience can elicit physical, cognitive, behavioural, spiritual and emotional responses (Parkes, 1998). Aim:The aim of this literature review is to explore how the death of patients in a hospital setting impact on nursing staff. Methodology:A review of the literature was undertaken using the online databases CINAHL, Medline and PsychInfo. The search was limited to articles in the English language and those from peer reviewed journals. Results:Themes arising from the literature review were: the theoretical context, the emotional impact, the culture of the healthcare setting, staff's previous life experiences and support available for healthcare staff. Conclusions:The death of patients does have an impact on nurses. This can affect them both in their work environment and outside of work. Education around grief theory and support from others are helpful for staff in developing strategies for coping with patient deaths.

Aim To compile a literature review of studies on shift work which have relevance to the management of health services personnel. Background In the National Health Service it has always been necessary for certain areas, for example, in-patient services, to provide 24-hour service and hence shift work has been very much a feature of the organization. There is much anecdotal evidence of staff suffering from adverse physical, psychological and social problems that are attributed to the shift patterns they work in. Method The literature review includes studies which cite evidence of the benefits or not for the differing lengths of shifts and shift rotation, particularly in relation to circadian rhythms. The literature reviewed highlighted the consequences of shift work as it affects sleep, eating and social patterns, and physical and mental health. Findings There are some compensatory behaviours to help staff better cope with working shifts and the research base for these is reviewed. Conclusions The paper concludes with recommendations to inform decision-making by nurse managers responsible for the completion of duty rotas in health service provision.

Nurse managers and unit-based councils should evaluate nurses' perceptions of manager support, teamwork, lack of disruption to patient care, and payment for participation in shared governance-related activities. These research findings can be used to evaluate hospital practices for direct care nurse participation in unit-based shared governance activities.

Background: People with young-onset dementia (YOD) can often struggle getting the right treatment. This is because of their frequently different characteristics and needs compared to people with late-onset dementia. The aim of this project was to assess a memory service for its adaptation to the needs and wishes of people with YOD and their carers. Methods: This project evaluated a memory service in the North West of England by performing two focus groups with clinical staff and six semi-structured interviews with people with YOD and carers. The focus groups took place on site and lasted one hour each. People with YOD and their carers were identified via the memory clinics caseload and via the local Alzheimer's Society charity organisation. Both focus groups and interviews were audio-recorded and transcribed, and data were analysed using thematic analysis. The public (a person living with YOD and his carer) were involved from the design stages of the project through to the analysis and dissemination. Results: Eleven members of staff with different clinical backgrounds participated in the focus groups and six interviews were held with people with YOD and their carers. Both indicated that whilst the diagnostic process is relatively well conducted at the service, the post-diagnostic service has many gaps. These include limited postdiagnostic support by the service, better enabling peer support, as well as providing meaningful activities, as some activities provided might be more suitable to older adults with dementia. Conclusions: Post-diagnostic services and support for people with YOD and their carers need to be improved. The next step will be to implement the findings from this service evaluation in practice and improve service satisfaction and relevance to people with YOD.

This study contributes new knowledge about staff experiences of patient death in the acute setting. The findings could have implications for clinical practice and the provision of support for nursing staff, and could also inform future policies regarding end of life care in this setting.

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