Milk replacers containing all milk protein, 25% of protein from porcine plasma protein, 25% of protein from bovine plasma protein, or all milk protein plus probiotic were compared in a 6-wk experiment using 120 Holstein bull calves approximately 7 d of age. All replacers contained an antibiotic except the one that contained probiotic. Calf starter always was available, and calves were weaned when they consumed 680 g/d of starter. Ten calves were selected randomly from each group for sampling of jugular blood at d 1 and 10 of the experiment. A complete blood count was conducted on the samples, and protein fractionation by electrophoresis was performed on sera harvested from the samples. Mean BW gains started to differ at the end of wk 3, and by the end of wk 6 the difference of 2.6 kg was significantly greater for those calves fed porcine or bovine plasma than for calves fed all milk protein (with or without probiotic). The same response was noted for starter consumption; the difference increased to 4.15 kg by the end of wk 6. Most measurements of blood did not differ by treatment; those that were different did not suggest an apparent difference in performance response. Growth performance of calves fed probiotic was not different from that of calves fed antibiotic when both replacers contained all milk protein. Either porcine or bovine plasma protein was an acceptable source of protein.

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The value of a short course of intensive immunosuppression with cyclophos-

Introduction ESG is an effective treatment option for obesity. However, data comparing its efficacy to bariatric surgery is scarce. We aim to compare the effectiveness and safety of ESG to LSG and LGCP at 2-years. Methods We reviewed 353 patient records and identified 296 patients who underwent ESG (n=199), LSG (n=61), and LGCP (n=36) at 4-centers in Spain between 2014 to 2016. We compared their total body weight loss (%TBWL) and safety over 2-years. We used a linear mixed model (LMM) to analyse repeated measures of weight loss outcomes at 6, 12, 18, and 24-months for comparison between the three procedures. Results Among the 296 patients, 210 (ESG-135, LSG-43, LGCP-32) reached 1-year and 102 (ESG-46, LSG-34, LGCP-22) patients completed 2-years follow-up. The mean(SD) BMI was 39.6(4.8) kg/m2. There was no difference in the age, sex, and BMI between the groups. In LMM analysis, adjusting for age, sex, and initial BMI, we found ESG had a significantly lower TBWL, %TBWL, and BMI decline compared to LSG and LGCP at all time points (p=0.001). The adjusted mean %TBWL at 2-years with ESG, LSG, and LGCP was 18.5%, 28.3%, and 26.9%, respectively. However, ESG, as compared to LSG and LGCP, had a shorter inpatient stay (1 vs.3 vs. 3 days, p<0.001) and lower complication rate (0.5% vs.4.9% vs. 8.3%, p=0.006). Conclusion All three procedures induced significant weight loss in obese patients. Although the weight loss was lower with ESG compared to other techniques, it displayed a better safety profile and shorter hospital stay.

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Aspirin is thought to be a relatively safe drug in adults. The association of aspirin and Reye syndrome in children is well documented. We report a 41-year-old female with pericarditis who was treated with high-dose aspirin and developed subsequent acute liver injury. After discontinuation of aspirin, liver enzyme elevation and right upper quadrant pain both resolved. We conclude that high-dose aspirin should be considered as a potentially hepatotoxic agent.